Standalone VR
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- See also: PC-Powered VR and Standalone AR
Standalone VR, also called all-in-one VR or integrated VR, is a category of virtual reality in which the HMD contains everything needed to run an experience on its own. A standalone headset has an onboard mobile system on a chip, its own battery and storage, built-in displays, and cameras for inside-out tracking. Because the computing, tracking, and power all live inside the device, a standalone headset works without a PC, a game console, or a smartphone attached to it. Well-known examples include the Meta Quest line, the Pico 4 Ultra, the Samsung Galaxy XR, the Apple Vision Pro and Valve's Steam Frame.
Early standalone headsets from major companies included the HTC Vive Focus, which went on pre-order in China in December 2017, followed by the Oculus Go and the Lenovo Mirage Solo in May 2018.[1][2] The Oculus Quest of May 2019 brought six-degrees-of-freedom tracking of both the headset and its hand controllers to the format.[3] As of October 2026, Meta's headsets are the Meta Quest 3S from US$349.99 and the Meta Quest 3 at US$599.99, prices Meta raised on 19 April 2026 because of rising memory chip costs.[4] Valve opened reservations for the Steam Frame, which runs SteamOS on a Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 chip and supports both standalone play and PC streaming, on 14 September 2026.[5][6]
Self-containment is the defining trait. A standalone headset boots into its own operating system, runs apps stored locally, and tracks the user's head and hands from cameras on the headset itself rather than from external base stations. The trade is one of compute: a headset that fits a mobile chip and a battery on the user's face has far less graphics power than a desktop PC, so standalone systems aim for a balance of mobility, price, and "good enough" visuals rather than maximum fidelity.
Definition and boundaries
A device is generally considered standalone VR when it meets all of the following: it has an integrated processor (an onboard SoC, not a host computer), an onboard rechargeable battery, onboard storage for the operating system and apps, and inside-out tracking that needs no external sensors. It does not need to be plugged into or paired with a separate PC, phone, or console to deliver its core VR experience. When Oculus announced the Quest in 2018, it described it as an "all-in-one" system that tracks its own position with four wide-angle sensors and needs no PC, wires or external sensors.[3] Qualcomm, introducing its Snapdragon XR1 chip the same year, likewise separated purpose-built standalone headsets from devices that depend on a smartphone.[7]
Two adjacent categories are often confused with standalone VR, and the distinction matters.
- PC-Powered VR (also called tethered or PC VR) headsets have no onboard computer. They are essentially a display-and-sensor shell driven by a separate gaming PC over a cable, and they often rely on external base stations or sensors for tracking. They depend entirely on the host machine for processing.
- Phone-powered VR (mobile VR) used a smartphone as both the screen and the processor, with the headset acting as a holder and a pair of lenses. The Samsung Gear VR docked a Samsung phone into the headset over its USB port, and Google Daydream View rested a compatible phone inside a soft viewer.[8] These are not standalone devices, because the headset itself has no processor, battery for compute, or storage of its own; remove the phone and nothing runs.
Standalone VR sits between these two: more self-contained than phone-powered VR, and more mobile but less powerful than PC VR.
History
Phone-powered precursors
The standalone category grew out of phone-powered mobile VR. The consumer edition of the Samsung Gear VR, made by Samsung and "powered by Oculus", went on pre-order in the United States on 10 November 2015 at US$99.99 and worked with Samsung's 2015 Galaxy flagship phones.[9] Google's Cardboard and later Daydream platform showed that an inexpensive headset plus a phone could deliver basic VR.[8] The limits were obvious: the headset depended on a phone the user had to supply, and the phone was unavailable for anything else while it sat in the headset. When Google stopped selling the Daydream View in October 2019, it said it had seen "some clear limitations constraining smartphone VR from being a viable long-term solution", including the friction of asking people to give up access to their phone's apps while in VR.[10] Moving the screen, chip, and battery into the headset itself was the next step.
Early standalone headsets (2017-2018)
A wave of standalone headsets from major companies arrived between late 2017 and mid-2018, split between 3DoF designs and early 6DoF designs.
The HTC Vive Focus went on pre-order in China on 12 December 2017 at 3,999 yuan, with shipments planned for January 2018. It used a Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, a single 2,880 x 1,600 AMOLED panel and inside-out "world-scale" 6DoF tracking of the headset, while its bundled controller tracked only rotation (3DoF).[1] It was sold only in China at launch.[1]
The Oculus Go went on sale on May 1, 2018, in 23 countries, at US$199 for the 32 GB model and US$249 for the 64 GB model.[2] It was an all-in-one headset that needed no phone or PC. It ran on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 and used a single 2,560 x 1,440 fast-switch LCD running at 60 Hz, with developers able to use 72 Hz. The Go tracked only 3 degrees of freedom: it sensed which way the user looked but not whether they leaned or stepped, and its controller was likewise orientation-only.[11] In June 2020, Oculus said it would stop selling the Go through its own store after the end of 2020 and would stop accepting new Go apps and app updates after 4 December 2020.[12]
The Lenovo Mirage Solo, also shipping in 2018, was one of the first standalone headsets to add positional tracking. Built on Google's Daydream platform and a Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 with 4 GB of RAM, it used Google's WorldSense system with two forward-facing cameras to deliver 6 degrees of freedom on the headset, so a user could lean and crouch and have the view respond. Its bundled controller was still 3DoF.[13][14] It sold for US$399.99 and had a 5.5-inch 2,560 x 1,440 LCD running at 75 Hz.[15] Engadget's review concluded that "the Mirage Solo feels like an option for a very specific kind of VR fan."[14]
Oculus Quest and mainstream 6DoF (2019)
The Oculus Quest began shipping on May 21, 2019, at US$399 for the 64 GB model.[16] Oculus called it its first all-in-one VR gaming system with six degrees of freedom. Four wide-angle sensors on the headset performed inside-out tracking (branded Oculus Insight) of both the head and a pair of Touch motion controllers, with no PC, no wires, and no external sensors required.[3] It ran on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 with 4 GB of RAM and two OLED displays of 1,600 x 1,440 pixels per eye running at up to 72 Hz, and it came in 64 GB and 128 GB versions.[16][17] Unlike the earlier 3DoF Go and the Mirage Solo with its rotation-only controller, the Quest tracked both the headset and its controllers in six degrees of freedom.[3][14] In October 2021, after Facebook renamed itself Meta, incoming CTO Andrew Bosworth said the Oculus name would give way to "Meta Quest" starting in early 2022.[18]
Quest 2 and the XR2 generation (2020-2022)
The Oculus Quest 2 (renamed the Meta Quest 2 after the 2021 rebrand) was announced on 16 September 2020 and shipped on 13 October 2020 from US$299. It was built on the Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 platform, with 6 GB of RAM and a display of 1,832 x 1,920 pixels per eye that could support 90 Hz.[18][19] Other makers moved to the same chip: HTC's enterprise HTC Vive Focus 3 (June 2021) and Pico's Pico 4 (October 2022) both used the XR2.[20][21]
Mixed reality headsets (2023-2026)
From 2023 the leading standalone headsets added color passthrough for mixed reality. The Meta Quest 3 went on sale on 10 October 2023 at US$499.99 (128 GB) and US$649.99 (512 GB), with the Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2, pancake lenses and full-color passthrough.[22] Apple's Apple Vision Pro followed on 2 February 2024 at US$3,499; Apple said its M2 chip "delivers powerful standalone performance".[23] In April 2024 Meta announced that Meta Horizon OS, the operating system of its Quest headsets, would be opened to other hardware makers, naming ASUS Republic of Gamers and Lenovo as partners.[24]
In September 2024 Meta announced the cheaper Meta Quest 3S, which reached stores on 15 October 2024 at US$299.99 (128 GB); at the same time it cut the 512 GB Quest 3 to US$499.99.[25] Meta said that "with Quest 3S on the shelf, we're officially winding down sales of Quest 2 and Pro."[26] Pico's Pico 4 Ultra, with the same XR2 Gen 2 chip, reached its first Chinese buyers in early September 2024 and launched in Europe on 20 September 2024 at a recommended EUR 599 (256 GB); UploadVR reported that ByteDance had no plans to launch it in North America.[27][28]
Google announced Android XR, an operating system for XR headsets and glasses built with Samsung, on 12 December 2024.[29] Its first device, the Samsung Galaxy XR, went on sale in the United States on 21 October 2025 at US$1,799.99.[30] Apple moved the Vision Pro to its M5 chip in October 2025, keeping the US$3,499 starting price, with in-store availability in the United States from 22 October 2025.[31]
On 16 April 2026 Meta announced that, from 19 April, the Quest 3S would cost US$349.99 (128 GB) and US$449.99 (256 GB) and the Quest 3 US$599.99 (512 GB) in the United States, saying that "the cost of building high-performance VR hardware has risen significantly" because of a global rise in memory chip prices.[4][32] Valve's Steam Frame, announced on 12 November 2025, opened for reservations on 14 September 2026 at US$1,059 (256 GB) and US$1,299 (1 TB).[6][5] On 12 October 2026 Road to VR reported that, according to Valve, order emails for people in the reservation queue would be sent either by December 2026 or in 2027.[33]
Enabling silicon
Standalone VR became practical because of chips built specifically for the job. On 29 May 2018 Qualcomm introduced the Qualcomm Snapdragon XR1, which it called "the world's first dedicated Extended Reality (XR) platform", with support for 3DoF and 6DoF head tracking; it named Meta (the AR headset maker), Vive, Vuzix and Pico as early developers on the platform.[34][7] Early 6DoF standalone headsets such as the Vive Focus, the Mirage Solo and the first Quest shipped on the Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 instead.[1][15][16]
The Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2, announced on 5 December 2019, was the higher-end successor and the chip that powered the next generation of standalone headsets. Qualcomm said it supported 3K x 3K displays at 90 Hz, up to seven concurrent cameras for tracking and passthrough, and stronger on-device AI, with the first commercial XR2 headsets expected in the second half of 2020.[35] Later refinements followed: the Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2 in the Quest 3, Quest 3S and Pico 4 Ultra, and the Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2 in the Galaxy XR.[22][25][27][30]
Not every standalone headset uses an XR-branded part. Apple pairs an M-series chip with its Apple R1 sensor coprocessor, and Valve uses the Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 smartphone-class processor in the Steam Frame.[23][6] Meta's Meta VR Glasses, announced on 23 September 2026, move the Qualcomm Snapdragon Reality Elite processor, battery and storage into a separate pocketable puck connected by an optical tether; Meta says they will go on sale in spring 2027 at US$1,299.99.[36]
Notable standalone headsets
The table below lists notable standalone VR and mixed reality headsets, from the first generation to models current in October 2026. All run on an onboard SoC with onboard battery and storage and use inside-out tracking; some include color passthrough for mixed reality. The Apple Vision Pro and Samsung Galaxy XR are standalone in compute but ship with an external battery pack on a cable. Prices are launch prices in US dollars unless stated.
| Headset | Released | Processor | Notable display | Launch price | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HTC Vive Focus | January 2018 (China shipments) | Snapdragon 835 | AMOLED, single 2880 x 1600 panel | CNY 3,999 | 6DoF headset, 3DoF controller; China only at launch[1] |
| Oculus Go | May 2018 | Snapdragon 821 | Fast-switch LCD, single 2560 x 1440 panel, 60 Hz (72 Hz for developers) | $199 (32 GB), $249 (64 GB) | 3DoF only; Oculus ended sales through its own store after 2020[2][11][12] |
| Lenovo Mirage Solo | May 2018[37] | Snapdragon 835 | LCD, 2560 x 1440, 75 Hz | $399.99 | Daydream platform; WorldSense 6DoF headset, 3DoF controller[15] |
| Oculus Quest | May 2019 | Snapdragon 835, 4 GB RAM | OLED, 1600 x 1440 per eye, up to 72 Hz | $399 (64 GB) | 6DoF headset and controllers via Oculus Insight[16][17] |
| Oculus Quest 2 | October 2020 | Snapdragon XR2, 6 GB RAM | 1832 x 1920 per eye, 90 Hz supported at launch | $299 | Meta wound down sales after the Quest 3S launch in 2024[19][26] |
| Vive Focus 3 | June 2021 | Snapdragon XR2 | LCD, 2448 x 2448 per eye, 90 Hz | $1,300 | Enterprise focus; swappable battery, active cooling[20] |
| Pico 4 | October 2022 | Snapdragon XR2 | LCD, 2160 x 2160 per eye, 72 or 90 Hz | EUR 429 (128 GB) | Pancake optics; Europe, Japan and South Korea at launch, not the United States[21] |
| Meta Quest 3 | October 2023 | Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2, 8 GB RAM | LCD, 2064 x 2208 per eye, up to 120 Hz | $499.99 (128 GB) | Pancake lenses, color passthrough; 512 GB model $599.99 since April 2026[22][38][4] |
| Apple Vision Pro | February 2024 (M5 model October 2025) | Apple M2 and R1; Apple M5 from 2025 | Micro-OLED, 23 million pixels across two displays; up to 120 Hz on the M5 model | $3,499 (256 GB) | External 353 g battery; Apple rates the M5 model at up to 2.5 hours of general use[23][39][31] |
| Meta Quest 3S | October 2024 | Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2, 8 GB RAM | LCD, 1832 x 1920 per eye, up to 120 Hz | $299.99 (128 GB) | Budget model; Fresnel lenses; $349.99 since April 2026[25][38][4] |
| Pico 4 Ultra | September 2024 | Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2, 12 GB RAM | 2160 x 2160 per eye, 90 Hz | EUR 599 (256 GB, Europe) | Pancake lenses; not sold in North America[27][28][40] |
| Samsung Galaxy XR | October 2025 | Snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, 16 GB RAM | Micro-OLED, 3552 x 3840, 60, 72 or 90 Hz | $1,799.99 | Runs Android XR; separate 302 g battery, up to 2 hours of general use[30] |
| Steam Frame | Reservations from September 2026 | Snapdragon 8 Gen 3, 16 GB LPDDR5X | LCD, 2160 x 2160 per eye, 72-144 Hz | $1,059 (256 GB), $1,299 (1 TB) | Runs SteamOS; "streaming-first" with standalone play[6][5][41] |
Edge cases: external batteries and compute pucks
The Vision Pro is a useful edge case. It runs visionOS on an onboard Apple chip with an R1 sensor coprocessor and needs no host PC or phone to function, which makes it standalone in the sense that matters here. But unlike the Quest line, it does not carry its battery on the headset; power comes from a separate 353 g battery on a cable. Apple rated the original model at up to 2 hours of general use and the M5 model at up to two and a half hours.[39][31] Samsung's Galaxy XR uses the same split: a self-contained Android XR headset weighing 545 g (with forehead cushion) paired with a separate 302 g battery pack, which Samsung says must be connected for the device to work.[30]
Meta VR Glasses go one step further. The roughly 100 g glasses hold the displays and sensors, while processing, power and storage sit in the separate puck. Meta has announced the product but had not released it as of October 2026.[36] The Steam Frame keeps its battery in the rear of the strap; Valve's complete system weighs 440 g, of which the front "core" is 185 g.[6]
Operating systems and platforms
Each standalone headset family runs its own operating system and app store. Meta's Quest headsets run Meta Horizon OS, which Meta announced in April 2024 it would open to third-party hardware makers.[24] Google's Android XR runs on the Samsung Galaxy XR.[29][30] Apple's headset runs visionOS.[39] Valve describes the Steam Frame as "a PC" that "runs SteamOS powered by a Snapdragon 8 Series Processor", and says its 16 GB of RAM lets it run a growing number of VR and non-VR games without streaming from a PC.[41] Every Steam Frame includes a native ARM build of Half-Life: Alyx that runs standalone on the headset.[5]
Trade-offs versus PC VR
Standalone VR and PC-Powered VR make opposite bets.
A standalone headset wins on mobility, simplicity, and price. There is nothing to plug in, no base stations to mount, no separate PC to buy or maintain, and the user can carry it to another room or another house. A mainstream standalone headset such as the Meta Quest 3S starts at US$349.99 in the United States as of October 2026, while a PC VR setup needs a gaming computer on top of the headset.[4] Setup is short and the experience is wireless by default.
A PC VR setup wins on raw power. A desktop GPU can render far more detailed scenes at higher resolutions and frame rates than a mobile SoC running on a battery inside a headset, so the most graphically demanding VR titles target PC. UploadVR, reporting Valve's announcement of the Steam Frame, noted that many titles would not perform well on its roughly 10-watt mobile chip, that simple, well-optimized games should run well standalone, and that demanding games are better streamed from a gaming PC through the wireless adapter included in the box.[6] The cost of PC VR is a wired or base-station-bound setup, a higher total price, and no portability.
Because of these trade-offs, many headsets try to offer both. Standalone-first headsets are increasingly designed so they can also act as a PC VR display when a more powerful experience is wanted. Valve calls the Steam Frame "streaming-first", and Tom's Hardware headlined its review "Competent as a standalone VR, but wireless streaming remains the focus".[6][42]
PC VR streaming bridges
The line between standalone and PC VR has blurred because standalone headsets can borrow a PC's graphics power on demand. Several "bridge" methods let a standalone headset show PC-rendered VR by streaming frames from a nearby computer, either over a cable or wirelessly over the local network.[43]
On the Meta Quest line the common options are:
- Meta Quest Link (formerly Oculus Link): a wired USB connection from the headset to the PC; Laptop Mag recommends a USB 3.0 link cable that carries both data and power.
- Air Link: Meta's built-in, free wireless version of Quest Link over a local Wi-Fi network.
- Virtual Desktop: a paid third-party app (US$19.99 on the Meta store when Laptop Mag checked) widely used for wireless PC VR streaming and desktop access.
- Steam Link: Valve's free wireless app for streaming SteamVR titles to the Quest.[43]
These bridges keep the headset standalone for everyday use while turning it into a PC VR display when a user wants access to the larger and more demanding PC VR libraries. Wireless streaming generally calls for a fast 5 GHz Wi-Fi link to keep latency low.[43] Valve's Steam Frame ships with its own wireless adapter for PC streaming and uses eye tracking for "foveated streaming", which encodes the video stream at higher resolution where the wearer is looking.[6]
Use in research
Because standalone headsets need no PC or external sensors, researchers have used them for studies outside the laboratory. Mottelson, Petersen, Lilija and Makransky (Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 2021) ran two unsupervised studies during the COVID-19 pandemic in which participants recruited online used their own Oculus Quest headsets at home. They reported good reliability of the collected data, with somewhat more data cleaning needed than in a comparable laboratory study. In their hand-tracking study, data from 27% of pilot participants had to be excluded for poor tracking, which fell to 8% after they added a tracking screening test. They also noted the limits of their sample: 86% of participants were male, the median age was 26, most were experienced VR users, and many were recruited through Reddit.[44]
The camera-based hand tracking built into standalone headsets has also been measured against laboratory motion capture. Abdlkarim and colleagues (Behavior Research Methods, 2024) held a Meta Quest 2 in a fixed position above the participant's head, angled toward a table of reach targets, and compared its hand tracking with a 12-camera Qualisys system for eight participants. They reported an average fingertip position error of 1.1 cm, an average finger joint angle error of 9.6 degrees and an average temporal delay of 45.0 ms.[45]
Relationship to Meta Quest
Every headset in the Meta Quest product line is standalone. The line began with the Oculus Quest in 2019, Meta's (then Oculus's) first 6DoF all-in-one headset, and continued through the Quest 2, the Meta Quest 3, and the budget Meta Quest 3S.[3][19][22][25] Quest headsets can optionally connect to a PC through the streaming bridges above.[43] After Meta wound down sales of the Quest 2 and Quest Pro in late 2024, its consumer line consists of the Quest 3 and Quest 3S, priced in the United States at US$599.99 and from US$349.99 respectively since 19 April 2026.[26][4]
List of standalone VR devices
| Devices | Requires | Display | Resolution | Refresh Rate | Field of View | Tracking | Rotational Tracking | Positional Tracking | Update Rate | Latency | Input | Connectivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3Glasses X1 | 3Box A2, a PC or a compatible smartphone | 2 x 2.1-inch LCD (BOE), 806 PPI | 1200x1200 per-eye (2400x1200 combined) | 90 Hz (72 Hz also listed) | 105° binocular; 88.6° per eye | 3DoF | 3DoF controller | USB Type-C cable to the 3Box A2, PC or smartphone; Wi-Fi and Bluetooth on the 3Box A2 | ||||
| AjnaLens AjnaXR | 2 x 2.1-inch fast-switching LCD (F-LCD), binocular | 1600x1600 per-eye (3200 x 1600 combined) | 90 Hz | 95-108 degrees (CES 2023 figure); 95-105 degrees (AjnaXR SE launch specification) | 6DoF inside-out, 30 Hz tracking frequency | USB-C, PC VR cable support, wireless streaming | ||||||
| AjnaXR Enterprise Edition | 2 x LCD binocular (dual 2.1-inch F-LCD) | 2280x2280 per-eye | 90 Hz | 95-108 degrees | ||||||||
| Apple Vision Pro | Dual Micro-OLED | 23 million pixels across both displays (Apple specification) | 90Hz, 96Hz, 100Hz | Not specified in Apple's technical specifications | Eye tracking, hand tracking, face tracking, room mapping | Yes | 6DoF | 12ms photon-to-photon latency | 12ms | Eye tracking, hand gestures, voice | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.3 | |
| Apple Vision Pro M5 | 2× Micro-OLED | 23 million pixels across both displays (Apple specification) | 90 Hz, 96 Hz, 100 Hz, 120 Hz | Not specified in Apple's technical specifications | Head tracking using onboard cameras and sensors | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.3 | ||||||
| Arpara AIO 5K | Two 1.03-inch silicon-based Micro-OLED displays | 2560 x 2560 per eye (5120 x 2560 combined) | 70 Hz at 5120 x 2560; 90 Hz at 3840 x 1920 | 95 degrees | 6DoF inside-out | Two 6DoF optical tracking controllers (four AA batteries) | ||||||
| Arpara VR | PC or phone (Tethered 5K) | Dual 1.03" Micro-OLED; 3514 PPI; 1,000,000:1 contrast; DCI-P3 90% (sRGB 127%) | 5120 x 2560 (2560 x 2560 per eye); 32 PPD | Up to 120 Hz (Tethered 5K, at reduced resolutions); AIO 5K: 70 Hz at 5120 x 2560, 90 Hz at 3840 x 1920 | 95° | 3DoF (Tethered; 6DoF with arpara Tracker) / 6DoF inside-out (AIO) | arpara 6DoF controllers (AIO 5K); HTC Vive or Valve Index controllers with the arpara Tracker (Tethered 5K) | DisplayPort 1.4 over USB Type-C (Tethered), wired and wireless streaming (AIO) | ||||
| ClassVR | LCD; single 5.5-inch fast LCD (Standard 64GB, Xplorer); dual 2.21-inch fast LCD (Xcelerate) | 2560 x 1440 (Standard 64GB); 3664 x 1920 (Xplorer); 1920 x 1920 per eye (Xcelerate) | 105° (Xcelerate) | 3DoF (Xplorer and earlier models); 6DoF with four-camera spatial tracking (Xcelerate) | Hand gestures, buttons and swipe pad (CVR-155); wired hand-held controller (later models); two 6DoF optical controllers (Xcelerate); teacher control through the ClassVR Portal | Wi-Fi | ||||||
| ClassVR Premium | Single LCD binocular (5.5-inch fast LCD) | 1280x1440 per-eye (2560 x 1440 panel) | Wired hand-held controller | |||||||||
| DPVR M2 Pro | Samsung AMOLED ("2.5K"), 576 dpi | 2560 x 1440 | More than 75 Hz | 96° | 3DoF (rotational); optional M-Polaris positioning system | Touchpad and physical buttons on the headset; Bluetooth gamepad (bundled in some sets) | Dual-band Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), Bluetooth 4.0 | |||||
| DPVR P1 | Single LCD binocular (2.5K fast-switching LCD) | 1280x1440 per-eye | 72 Hz | 100° diagonal | 3DoF | Touchpad on the right side of the headset; voice commands; optional 3DoF controller | ||||||
| DPVR P1 Pro | Single LCD binocular (5.5-inch fast LCD, 538 ppi) | 1280x1440 per-eye (2560 x 1440 panel) | 72 Hz | 100° diagonal | 3DoF | 3DoF Bluetooth controller, touchpad on headset, head-gaze cursor | ||||||
| DPVR P1 Pro 4K | Single LCD binocular (5.5-inch fast LCD) | 1920x2160 per-eye (3840 x 2160 panel) | 72 Hz | 100° diagonal | 3DoF | 3DoF Bluetooth controller, touchpad on headset, head-gaze cursor | ||||||
| DPVR P1 Pro Light | Single LCD binocular | 1280x1440 per-eye | 90 Hz | 3DoF | One controller included | |||||||
| DPVR P1 Ultra 4K | Single LCD binocular; 5.5-inch Fast LCD, 807 PPI | 1920x2160 per-eye (3840x2160 total) | Sources differ: 72 Hz (DPVR specification table), 75 Hz (2021-2022 press teardowns), 90 Hz (DPVR 4G/5G store page) | 100° | 3DoF | 3DoF Bluetooth controller; touchpad on the headset | Dual-band Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac), Bluetooth 5.0 | |||||
| DPVR P2 | Single LCD binocular | 1832x1920 per-eye | 90 Hz | 100° | 3DoF | Handheld controller; touchpad | Wi-Fi; Bluetooth 5.0 | |||||
| HTC Vive Focus | Two AMOLED displays (marketed as "3K AMOLED") | 2880 x 1600 combined (1,600 x 1,440 per eye) | 75 Hz | 110 degrees | 6DoF inside-out ("World-Scale") headset tracking; 3DoF controller | One 3DoF controller (touchpad, trigger, app, home and volume buttons; two AAA batteries) | Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, Bluetooth, Miracast output | |||||
| HTC Vive Focus 3 | Dual 2.88-inch LCD panels with RGB subpixels | 2448 x 2448 per eye (4896 x 2448 combined) | 90 Hz | Up to 120 degrees (HTC figure, horizontal) | 6DoF inside-out (four cameras) | Two VIVE Focus 3 controllers (6DoF), hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6 + 6E (6E country dependent); Bluetooth 5.2 + BLE | |||||
| HTC Vive Focus Plus | Dual AMOLED, 3.5 in diagonal | 1440 x 1600 per eye (2880 x 1600 combined), 615 PPI | 75 Hz | 110° | 6DoF inside-out (headset); 6DoF Chirp SonicTrack ultrasonic + IMU fusion (controllers) | Two 6DoF controllers (trackpad, analog trigger, grip button, menu button, VIVE button) | Wi-Fi 802.11a/n/ac (5 GHz), USB 3.1 Type-C | |||||
| HTC Vive Focus Vision | PC for PC VR mode; VIVE Wired Streaming Kit for DisplayPort mode | 2 x LCD (fast-switch) | 2448 x 2448 per eye (4896 x 2448 combined) | 90 Hz; 120 Hz in DisplayPort mode (beta, added December 2024) | Up to 120 degrees | 6DoF inside-out (4 cameras) | Controllers, hand tracking, eye tracking | Wi-Fi 6/6E, Bluetooth 5.2 + BLE | ||||
| HTC Vive XR Elite | VR-ready PC for PC VR streaming (optional) | Dual LCD | 1920 x 1920 per eye (3840 x 1920 combined) | 90 Hz | Up to 110 degrees | 6DoF inside-out (four tracking cameras) | Two 6DoF controllers, hand tracking, volume button, headset button | Wi-Fi 6 + 6E, Bluetooth 5.2 + BLE, USB-C | ||||
| IQIYI Qiyu 3 | 2 x LCD binocular (2.89-inch Fast LCD panels with RGB subpixel arrangement) | 2160x2160 per-eye (4320 x 2160 combined) | 90 Hz | 115° (manufacturer figure; the QIYU developer documentation lists 96°) | Inside-out tracking, 6DoF head and controllers (Q-Light), four tracking cameras | Two 6DoF Q-Light controllers | ||||||
| IQIYI Qiyu Dream | Dual Fast LCD | 2560 x 1440 (1280 x 1440 per eye) | 72 Hz / 90 Hz | 93° | Inside-out tracking, 6DoF head and controllers, four fisheye tracking cameras | Two 6DoF controllers, one AA battery each | ||||||
| IQIYI Qiyu Dream Pro | LCD (fast-response) | 3664 x 1920 combined (1832 x 1920 per eye) | 72 Hz default; 90 Hz supported (manual setting) | 93° horizontal (binocular) | Inside-out tracking, 6DoF head and controllers, four cameras | Two 6DoF controllers | ||||||
| IQIYI Qiyu MIX | Single LCD binocular | 1832x1920 per-eye | 72 Hz default; 90 Hz supported by the hardware (enabled manually) | 93° horizontal | Inside-out 6DoF, four tracking cameras | Two 6DoF controllers | ||||||
| Immersed Visor | Dual micro-OLED (supplied by BOE, per Immersed) | "4K" per eye (manufacturer description) | 100 degrees (manufacturer figure) | 6DoF (inside-out, 6 cameras) | Yes | Yes | Hand tracking (gaze-and-pinch), Smart Touch | USB-C, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth | ||||
| Impression Pi | Smartphone for Starter/Empower; Master proposed with built-in computing and display | Phone display for Starter/Empower; built-in display proposed for Master | Depends on phone for Starter/Empower | More than 90 degrees advertised in the 2015 campaign | 6DoF head tracking and hand tracking advertised for Core-equipped versions | Core board IMU and AHRS algorithm; campaign claims IMU sampling above 1,000 Hz | Inside-out camera-based tracking proposed; accuracy remained under development | Camera-based hand/finger tracking and gestures advertised for Core-equipped packages | Core-to-phone USB or Lightning proposed; Master 2.4/5 GHz Wi-Fi proposed | |||
| Lenovo Legion VR700 | Fast-response RGB LCD ("RealRGB") | 3,664 x 1,920 total (773 PPI) | 72Hz, 90Hz | 6DoF, inside-out tracking (four cameras) | Yes | Yes | Two 6DoF controllers | Wi-Fi, USB-C (USB 3.0) | ||||
| Lenovo Mirage Solo | Google account and WLAN for documented initial setup | Single 5.5-inch IPS LCD | 1280 x 1440 per eye; 2560 x 1440 total | 75 Hz | 110° (manufacturer figure; axis unspecified) | 6DoF inside-out (WorldSense) | Yes (WorldSense headset 6DoF) | Yes (WorldSense headset 6DoF) | Wireless Daydream controller (3DoF), clickable touchpad and buttons | Dual-band Wi-Fi 802.11ac/n, 2x2 MIMO; Bluetooth 5.0 + BLE | ||
| Lenovo Mirage VR S3 | Dual LCD | 1,920 x 2,160 pixels per eye (3,840 x 2,160 combined, marketed as 4K) | 75Hz | 101 degrees | 3DoF (rotational only) | Yes | No | 3DoF controller, hands-free head control | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth | |||
| Lenovo ThinkReality VRX | None for standalone operation | 2.1-inch LCD per eye | 2280 × 2280 per eye | 72Hz / 90Hz (2025 PSREF) | 95° (manufacturer figure; axis unspecified) | 4-camera 6DoF optical tracking | Yes (6DoF) | Yes (6DoF) | Two 6DoF controllers; hand tracking; headset buttons | |||
| Lynx R1 | None (standalone device) | Two LCD panels made by Japan Display (JDI) | 1600 x 1600 per eye | 90 Hz | 90 degrees (circular, Lynx figure) | 6DoF inside-out tracking (two monochrome cameras, SLAM) | Hand tracking; dedicated controllers planned | Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax), Bluetooth 5.0, USB-C | ||||
| Lynx R2 | Dual LCD | 2,312 x 2,160 pixels per eye | 90Hz | 133 degrees diagonal | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Hand tracking, controllers | ||||||
| Meta Quest 2 | Meta account (Facebook account from launch until August 2022) | Single fast-switch LCD | 1832 x 1920 per eye (3664 x 1920 combined) | 60Hz, 72Hz, 80Hz, 90Hz, 120Hz | 6DoF inside-out | Yes | Yes | Touch controllers, hand tracking, voice | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.0 | |||
| Meta Quest 3 | Meta account | LCD | 2064 × 2208 per eye | 72/90/120 Hz advertised; extended modes described below | 110° horizontal, 96° vertical (specified) | 6DoF, Inside-out tracking | Two Touch Plus controllers; hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.2 | ||||
| Meta Quest 3S | Meta account | Single LCD | 1832 x 1920 pixels per eye | 72 Hz, 90 Hz, 120 Hz | 96 degrees horizontal; 90 degrees vertical | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Yes | Yes | Touch Plus controllers, hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.2 | ||
| Meta Quest Pro | Meta account; compatible PC for PC VR | Two LCD panels with quantum-dot technology and local-dimming backlights | 1800x1920 pixels per eye | 72 Hz and 90 Hz (90 Hz maximum) | 106° horizontal, 96° vertical (reported specification) | 6DoF, Inside-out tracking; headset and self-tracked controllers | Yes (part of 6DoF tracking) | Yes (part of 6DoF tracking) | Meta Quest Touch Pro controllers; controller-free hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.2; Bluetooth audio not enabled in launch specification | ||
| Meta VR Glasses | Micro-OLED, HDR (marketed by Meta as "5K Infinite Display") | 2412 x 2288 per eye | Up to 120 Hz | 70 degrees horizontal x 66 degrees vertical (about 87-88 degrees diagonal, per press calculations) | 6DoF | Eye tracking, hand gestures and voice; optional Touch Plus controllers | Optical tether between glasses and compute puck; wireless or USB-C connection to Mac and Windows PC | |||||
| Nolo Sonic | LCD, single 4K panel made by BOE | 1920x2160 per-eye | 72 Hz | 101° horizontal, 90° vertical | 6DoF inside-out; two front cameras for the headset, ultrasonic tracking for the controllers | Two NOLO M1 6DoF controllers | ||||||
| Nolo Sonic 2 | Single LCD binocular | 1832x1920 per-eye | 120 Hz | 92° diagonal | 6DoF inside-out, four cameras plus infrared | 6DoF controllers with five-finger recognition; hand gestures | ||||||
| Nolo X1 | Fast-LCD (NOLO X1 4K) | 1280x1440 per-eye (NOLO X1); 3840x2160 (NOLO X1 4K) | 75 Hz (NOLO X1 4K) | 96° horizontal, 90° vertical | 6DoF head and controller tracking with the NOLO CV1 Pro kit (PolarTraq base station) | Two 6DoF motion controllers | ||||||
| Oculus Go | Phone-assisted initial setup; Meta account for continued use | Single 5.5-inch fast-switch LCD | 2560 × 1440 total; 1280 × 1440 allocated per eye | 60Hz; optional 72Hz | 3DoF (rotational only) | Yes | No | Oculus Go controller (3DoF); one AA battery | Wi-Fi | |||
| Oculus Quest | Two OLED panels | 1440 x 1600 per eye | 72 Hz | 6DoF inside-out, Oculus Insight | Yes | Yes | Touch controllers; hand tracking after software updates | |||||
| Oculus Santa Cruz | Inside-out tracking; six degrees of freedom | Positionally tracked controllers demonstrated in 2017 | 2016 prototype: USB and HDMI connections between the headset and its rear-mounted computer | |||||||||
| Pico 4 | Pico account | 2 x 2.56-inch LCD | 2160 x 2160 per eye (4320 x 2160 combined) | 72 Hz, 90 Hz | 105° (manufacturer claim) | 6DoF inside-out, four greyscale fisheye cameras | 2 x Pico 4 controllers (2 x AA batteries each), hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.1, USB-C | ||||
| Pico 4 Enterprise | Standalone; Windows PC for PC VR streaming | Dual LCD | 2160 × 2160 per eye (4320 × 2160 combined) | 72Hz / 90Hz | 105° (manufacturer figure; axis unspecified) | 6DoF inside-out | Yes | Yes | Controllers, hands and gaze-enabled applications | WiFi 6, Bluetooth 5.1, USB-C | ||
| Pico 4 Pro | 2× LCD | 2160×2160 per eye | 72 Hz, 90 Hz | 105° | Inside-out 6DoF (4 cameras) | PICO 4 controllers (two AA batteries per controller) | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.1, USB-C | |||||
| Pico 4 Ultra | PICO account | Dual 2.56-inch LCD | 2160 x 2160 per eye (1200 PPI); default rendering resolution 1920 x 1920 per eye | 90 Hz | 105 degrees | 6DoF inside-out, four environment tracking cameras | Ring-free 6DoF controllers (2 x AA batteries each), hand tracking; optional PICO Motion Trackers | Wi-Fi 7, Bluetooth 5.3 | ||||
| Pico 4 Ultra Enterprise | 2× 2.56" LCD | 2160×2160 per eye (4K+); rendering resolution 1920×1920 per eye | 90 Hz | 105° | Inside-out 6DoF (4 cameras) | Ring-free 6DoF controllers (2 × AA batteries each), hand tracking; optional PICO Motion Tracker | Wi-Fi 7, Bluetooth, USB-C; 2.4 GHz proprietary protocol | |||||
| Pico G2 | 3K LCD, blue ray reduction (two fast-response LCD panels) | 1440 x 1600 per eye (2880 x 1600 combined) | 90Hz, 615 ppi | 101 degrees | 3DOF | 1 3DOF Controller (with trigger, powered by two AAA batteries); buttons on the headset | ||||||
| Pico G2 4K | Standalone computing; no external PC for native applications | One 5.5-inch TFT LCD | 3840 × 2160 panel; nominally 1920 × 2160 per eye | 75 Hz | 101° (manufacturer figure; axis unspecified) | 3DoF, inertial | Yes (3DoF) | No (3DoF) | One 3DoF controller; headset buttons; application-specific head-directed selection | Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n/ac; Bluetooth 4.2 | ||
| Pico G2 4K Enterprise | Single LCD binocular | 1920x2160 per-eye | 75 Hz | 101° diagonal | 3DoF | 3DoF controller; buttons on the headset | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB-C | |||||
| Pico G3 | LCD (single 5.5-inch SFR TFT panel) | 3664×1920 (combined), 773 PPI | 72 Hz, 90 Hz (dynamic) | 98° | 3DoF (head rotation only) | One PICO G3 controller (3DoF) | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB-C | |||||
| Pico Goblin | 5.5" fast-switch TFT LCD | 2560 x 1440 (1280 x 1440 per eye) | 70 Hz | 92° | 3DoF | 3DoF controller | 802.11n Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), Bluetooth 4.2 | |||||
| Pico Neo 2 | No host computer for standalone use; VR-ready PC for PC streaming | Single 5.5-inch TFT LCD | 3840 × 2160 total; 1920 × 2160 per eye | 75 Hz | 101° (advertised; axis unspecified in the cited specification) | 6DoF optical inside-out head tracking; electromagnetic/inertial controller tracking | Yes | Yes | Two rechargeable 6DoF controllers; headset Home, Confirm and Back buttons | Wi-Fi 5; Bluetooth; USB-C | ||
| Pico Neo 2 Eye | Single 5.5-inch VR TFT LCD, 818 PPI | 3840 x 2160 (1920 x 2160 per eye) | 75 Hz | 101° (manufacturer figure) | 6DoF inside-out head tracking; 6DoF electromagnetic and IMU controller tracking | Two 6DoF controllers (electromagnetic tracking), voice command, headset buttons | Wi-Fi 5 (2x2 MIMO 802.11ac), Bluetooth 5.0, USB-C | |||||
| Pico Neo 3 | Single 5.5" LCD (SFR TFT), 773 PPI | 3664 x 1920 (1832 x 1920 per eye) | 72/90 Hz at launch; later listed by Pico as up to 120 Hz | 98° | 6DoF (inside-out, optical) | Two 6DoF controllers (32 optical sensors) | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.1 | |||||
| Pico Neo 3 Link | Pico account for store access; compatible PC for PC VR | 5.5-inch LCD | 1832 × 1920 per eye (3664 × 1920 combined) | 72Hz, 90Hz, 120Hz display modes; up to 90Hz via included DisplayPort cable | 98° (manufacturer specification; axis unspecified) | 6DoF inside-out head tracking; four cameras and two infrared-tracked 6DoF controllers | Yes | Yes | Two 6DoF controllers included; head-directed home-screen input using headset buttons | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.1; PC VR via custom DisplayPort cable | ||
| Pico Neo 3 Pro | None (standalone); optional PC for PC VR streaming | Single 5.5-inch SFR TFT LCD, 773 PPI | 3664 x 1920 (1832 x 1920 per eye) | 72/90 Hz | 98 degrees | 6DoF, inside-out, four cameras | Two 6DoF optically tracked controllers with linear resonant actuators; buttons on the headset | DisplayPort (via Pico DP cable), USB Type-C 3.0 | ||||
| Pico Neo 3 Pro Eye | PC optional for streaming | Single 5.5-inch SFR TFT LCD | 3664 × 1920 combined; 1832 × 1920 per eye (nominal half-width) | 72/90 Hz; developer table also lists 120 Hz | 98° (manufacturer; axis unstated) | 6DoF inside-out | Yes | Yes | 60/90 Hz gaze sampling | Motion controllers; documented hand tracking | Wi-Fi 6; Bluetooth 5.1; USB-C; DisplayPort | |
| Pico Neo CV | Two 1.5K AMOLED displays (2017 prototype) | 90 Hz (announced) | Inside-out head tracking, six degrees of freedom (prototype demonstrations) | |||||||||
| Pimax Crystal | Compatible Windows PC for PC VR; onboard apps in standalone mode | Dual QLED LCDs with Mini-LED backlighting | 2880 × 2880 pixels per eye; 5760 × 2880 combined | 72, 90 or 120 Hz | 130° diagonal with standard lenses (manufacturer, May 2024) | 6DoF inside-out using four cameras; optional Lighthouse faceplate | Yes | Yes | 15 ms motion-to-photon (manufacturer’s September 2023 specification) | Pimax controllers; compatible SteamVR controllers with Lighthouse faceplate; optional hand-tracking accessory | DisplayPort 1.4, USB, Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.1 | |
| Pimax Portal QLED View | Single 5.46-inch QLED + Mini-LED panel, shared by both eyes | 1920x2160 per-eye (3840 x 2160 panel) | 144 Hz | 100° diagonal (standard lenses); 60° with the high-resolution lens set | 6DoF inside-out, using four cameras on the rear of the handheld | Detachable magnetic controllers mounted in VR controller sleeves | Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.1 | |||||
| Pimax Portal View | Pimax Portal handheld (Retro model not supported) | Single LCD binocular (the Portal handheld's 5.46-inch 3840x2160 screen; QLED and Mini-LED on the Portal QLED) | 1920x2160 per-eye | 144 Hz | 100° diagonal; 60° with the movie-mode lenses | 6DoF inside-out, using cameras on the Portal handheld | Portal's detachable magnetic controllers, mounted in VR controller sleeves | |||||
| Pimax Reality 12K QLED | PC VR planned; original standalone mode under reconsideration | Dual 6K QLED (announced); panel technology under development | 6K per eye target; "12K" across both eyes | Up to 200 Hz in original PC VR announcement | 200° horizontal, 135° vertical, 240° diagonal (2021 PC VR claims) | 6DoF inside-out; optional SteamVR tracking cover (announced) | Planned | Planned | Optically tracked controllers and hand/eye tracking proposed; optional Lighthouse cover | DisplayPort, USB-C, Wi-Fi 6E; optional 60 GHz WiGig (announced) | ||
| Play For Dream MR | Dual micro-OLED (BOE) | 3840x3552 per eye | 90 Hz | 103 degrees | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Hand tracking, eye tracking, 6DoF controllers | Wi-Fi 7, Bluetooth 5.3 | |||||
| QWR VRone | Single LCD binocular; 6-inch 2.5K panel | 2.5K (manufacturer designation) | 70 Hz (product page); 72 Hz (specifications page) | 110 degrees (manufacturer) | 3DoF (non-positional) | 3DoF Bluetooth controller (one included) | Micro USB, IEEE 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth | |||||
| QWR VRone 4K | 6-inch, "4K HDR" (QWR specification) | 72 Hz (QWR specification sheet); 70 Hz in QWR marketing | 110 degrees (QWR specification) | 3DoF (non-positional) | 3DoF VRone controller (one included) | 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.2 | ||||||
| QWR VRone Pro | Dual LCD | 1,600 x 1,600 pixels per eye | 90Hz | 105 degrees | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Yes | Yes | Two 6DoF controllers, hand tracking | ||||
| QXR2230P | Dual 1.03-inch Micro-OLED panels | 2560 x 2560 per panel | Room-scale 6DoF head tracking; four tracking cameras (OV7251) | 6DoF controller | ||||||||
| Samsung Galaxy XR | Google account | Dual micro-OLED | 3,552 x 3,840 pixels per eye (approx. 27 megapixels combined) | 60 Hz, 72 Hz (default), 90 Hz maximum (upon service request) | 109 degrees horizontal; 100 degrees vertical | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Yes | Yes | Hand tracking, eye tracking, voice (Gemini), optional Galaxy XR Controllers | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth | ||
| Simula One | None (standalone), PC for tethered mode, Bluetooth keyboard & mouse (optional) | Dual 2448×2448 RGB-stripe LCD high-fidelity panels | 2448×2448 per eye (4896×2448 total) | 90 Hz (up to 120 Hz capable panels mentioned previously) | ≈100° diagonal | Inside-out tracking, (6DOF) | Yes (3DOF via IMU) | Yes (6DOF) | Keyboard and mouse compatible (via Bluetooth or USB) | Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.2 | ||
| Skyworth Pancake 1 | 2 x 2.1-inch Fast-LCD | 2280x2280 per-eye | 90 Hz | 95-105° | Inside-out 6DoF, four global shutter cameras | Two 6DoF controllers | Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.0, DisplayPort output | |||||
| Skyworth Pancake 1C | 2 x 2.1-inch Fast-LCD, 1058 PPI | 1600x1600 per-eye (3200x1600 combined) | 90 Hz | 105° (manufacturer figure) | 6DoF inside-out (head and controllers), four fisheye cameras | Two 6DoF controllers (powered by AA batteries) | ||||||
| Skyworth Pancake 1Pro | 2 x 2.1-inch Fast-LCD with Mini-LED backlight | 2280x2280 per-eye | 90 Hz | 105° (Skyworth product page); 95-108° in launch coverage of the Pancake 1 series | 6DoF inside-out, four global shutter cameras | Dual 6DoF controllers, hand tracking, eye tracking | ||||||
| Snapdragon 835 VR Development Kit | Single 5.67" WQHD AMOLED panel | 2560 x 1440 (two megapixels per eye) | 90 Hz (Qualcomm reference design, as reported by Road to VR); 60 Hz (Thundercomm developer kit specification) | 100° (Qualcomm figure for the reference design lenses, as reported by Road to VR) | 6DoF inside-out (two front-facing stereo fisheye cameras plus IMU, processed on the Hexagon DSP) | Trackpad, power, back, enter and volume buttons on the headset; 3DoF controller support | Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac (2x2 MIMO, 2.4 and 5 GHz), Bluetooth 5.0 | |||||
| Snapdragon 845 VR Development Kit | Single AMOLED binocular | 1280x1440 per-eye | 60 Hz | 110° horizontal, 90° vertical | 6DoF inside-out (SLAM) | 3DoF motion controller; ultrasonic 6DoF controller option | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth | |||||
| Snapdragon XR1 HMD Reference Design | 3DoF and 6DoF head tracking | USB Type-C tether to a Snapdragon-powered smartphone; standalone mode | ||||||||||
| Snapdragon XR2 Gen 2 Reference Design | Dual micro-OLED | 2560 x 2560 per eye (5120 x 2560 combined, calculated) | Room-scale 6DoF | 6DoF controllers | 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax; Bluetooth 5.3+LE | |||||||
| Sony SRH-S1 | Siemens NX Immersive Engineering software (SRH-S1 configuration) | Dual 1.3-type Micro-OLED (Sony ECX344A) | 3,552 x 3,840 pixels per eye (approx. 13.6 megapixels per eye) | 90Hz | 6DoF, inside-out tracking | Pointing controller, ring controller, hand tracking, eye tracking | Standalone, plus PC streaming | |||||
| Steam Frame | Compatible PC for PC streaming; standalone play also supported | Two LCD panels | 2160 x 2160 per eye | 72-144 Hz (144 Hz experimental) | Up to 110 degrees | Camera-based inside-out tracking | Steam Frame Controllers | |||||
| Sulon Q | No external PC or phone for the standalone design | OLED (announced) | 2560x1440 pixels (announced display resolution) | Dual embedded noise-cancelling microphones; gestures and Windows 10-compatible peripherals (announced) | Bluetooth 4.0, Wi-Fi 802.11ac, two USB 3.0 ports, Micro HDMI output (announced) | |||||||
| TCL NXTWEAR V | 2.1-inch Fast LCD (manufacturer specification) | 2280x2280 pixels (manufacturer figure; per-eye basis unspecified) | Not verified for the CES 2023 concept | 108° (manufacturer figure; axis unspecified) | 6DoF (as reported) | Two touch controllers (planned, per TCL) | ||||||
| Vivo Vision | Dual Micro-OLED | 3840 x 3552 per eye (27.28 million pixels total) | Camera-based inside-out tracking | Eye tracking and hand gestures; top control dial and physical buttons | ||||||||
| Woxter Neo VR100 | Single LCD binocular (5.5-inch IPS, Full HD 1920x1080, split into two halves) | 960x1080 per-eye | Head orientation (accelerometer and 9-axis G-sensor) | Buttons on top of the headset (volume, menu, directional, OK, Back, Home) | Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.0 | |||||||
| XRSpace Manova | LCD | 2880 x 1440 (1440 x 1440 per eye), 702 dpi | 90 Hz | 100° | 6DoF (inside-out) | Hand tracking; one included controller; optional XRSPACE Tracker wrist and ankle trackers | 5G, LTE, Wi-Fi | |||||
| Xiaomi Mi VR | Single LCD binocular | 1280x1440 per-eye | 60 / 72 Hz | Not specified in cited specifications | 3DoF | 3DoF wireless controller | ||||||
| YVR 1 | 2 x LCD binocular | 2160x2160 per-eye | 90 Hz | 100° diagonal | Inside-out tracking, 6DoF, four cameras | Two 6DoF infrared optical controllers | Bluetooth, Wi-Fi | |||||
| YVR 2 | 2 x 2.1-inch Fast-LCD (binocular) | 1600x1600 per-eye | 90 Hz | 95° diagonal (launch specification; the manufacturer's current product page states 103°) | 6DoF inside-out, four cameras | Two rechargeable 6DoF controllers |
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Richard Lai (2017-12-07). "HTC's standalone Vive Focus launches in China for $600". Engadget. https://www.engadget.com/2017-12-07-htc-vive-focus-china-launch.html. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Jon Fingas (2018-05-01). "Oculus Go standalone VR headset is now available for $199". Engadget. https://www.engadget.com/2018-05-01-oculus-go-launch-date-pricing.html. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Introducing Oculus Quest, Our First 6DOF All-in-One VR System, Launching Spring 2019". Meta. Oculus VR. 2018-09-26. https://www.meta.com/blog/introducing-oculus-quest-our-first-6dof-all-in-one-vr-system-launching-spring-2019/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "An Update on Meta Quest Pricing". Meta. 2026-04-16. https://www.meta.com/blog/update-meta-quest-pricing/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 David Heaney (2026-09-14). "Steam Frame Is $1059 & Comes With Standalone Half-Life: Alyx, Reservations Open Now". UploadVR. https://www.uploadvr.com/steam-frame-price-revealed-reservations-opened-alyx-included/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 David Heaney (2025-11-12). "Valve Officially Announces Steam Frame, A "Streaming-First" Standalone VR Headset". UploadVR. https://www.uploadvr.com/valve-steam-frame-official-announcement-features-details/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kyle Wiggers (2018-05-29). "Qualcomm unveils Snapdragon XR1 reference design for standalone AR and VR headsets". VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/business/qualcomm-unveils-snapdragon-xr1-reference-design-for-standalone-ar-and-vr-headsets/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Google Daydream View vs. Samsung Gear VR: Spec Comparison". Digital Trends. 2017-05-13. https://www.digitaltrends.com/virtual-reality/google-daydream-view-vs-samsung-gear-vr/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ "New $99 Samsung Gear VR Powered by Oculus Available for Pre-Order Today". Samsung Newsroom. Samsung Electronics America. 2015-11-10. https://news.samsung.com/us/new-99-samsung-gear-vr-powered-by-oculus-available-for-pre-order-today. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Ben Lang (2019-10-15). "Google Discontinues Daydream View Headset, the Final Nail in the Coffin for its Android VR Ambitions". Road to VR. https://www.roadtovr.com/google-puts-final-nail-daydream-coffin-discontinues-view-headset/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Dominic Brennan (2018-04-24). "Everything We Know About Oculus Go: Release Date, Price, Specs". Road to VR. https://www.roadtovr.com/oculus-go-release-date-price-specs-everything-we-know/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Chris Burns (2020-06-23). "Oculus Go Discontinued: Here's What That Means". SlashGear. https://www.slashgear.com/oculus-go-discontinued-heres-what-that-means-23626134. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Lucas Matney (2018-01-09). "Google's first WorldSense VR headset, the Lenovo Mirage Solo, ships in Q2 for under $400". TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/09/googles-first-worldsense-vr-headset-the-lenovo-mirage-solo-ships-in-q2-for-under-400/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Chris Velazco (2018-05-04). "Lenovo Mirage Solo review: A solid VR headset looking for a niche". Engadget. https://www.engadget.com/2018-05-04-lenovo-mirage-solo-review.html. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Chris Davies. "Lenovo Mirage Solo Review: Standalone Daydream VR With Caveats". SlashGear. https://www.slashgear.com/lenovo-mirage-solo-vr-headset-review-04529615/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "Game On: Oculus Quest and Rift S Pre-Orders Are LIVE! Shipping Begins May 21". Meta. Oculus VR. 2019-04-30. https://www.meta.com/blog/game-on-oculus-quest-and-rift-s-pre-orders-are-live-shipping-begins-may-21/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Jean-Luc Aufranc (2019-05-01). "Facebook Oculus Quest Standalone VR Headset Launched for $399 and up". CNX Software. https://www.cnx-software.com/2019/05/01/buy-facebook-oculus-quest-standalone-vr-headset/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Harry Baker (2021-10-28). "Oculus Brand Dead, Oculus Quest To Become Meta Quest". UploadVR. https://www.uploadvr.com/oculus-brand-dead-oculus-quest-to-become-meta-quest/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Introducing Oculus Quest 2, the Next Generation of All-in-One VR". Meta Newsroom. 2020-09-16. https://about.fb.com/news/2020/09/introducing-oculus-quest-2-the-next-generation-of-all-in-one-vr/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Ben Lang (2021-05-11). "Vive Focus 3 Announced with Snapdragon XR2, 6MP Resolution, $1,300 Enterprise Price & June 27th Launch". Road to VR. https://roadtovr.com/htc-vive-focus-3-specs-price-release-date-announcement/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Sam Sprigg (2022-09-23). "Pico announces launch of new 'Pico 4' standalone VR headset". Auganix. https://www.auganix.org/pico-announces-launch-of-new-pico-4-standalone-vr-headset/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 "Meet Meta Quest 3, Our Mixed Reality Headset Starting at $499.99". Meta Newsroom. 2023-09-27. https://about.fb.com/news/2023/09/meet-meta-quest-3-mixed-reality-headset/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 "Apple Vision Pro available in the U.S. on February 2". Apple Newsroom. Apple. 2024-01-08. https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2024/01/apple-vision-pro-available-in-the-us-on-february-2/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 "Introducing Our Open Mixed Reality Ecosystem". Meta Newsroom. 2024-04-22. https://about.fb.com/news/2024/04/introducing-our-open-mixed-reality-ecosystem/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 "Meta Quest 3S Is Available Now". Meta. 2024-09-25. https://www.meta.com/blog/meta-quest-3s-announced-connect-2024/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Brian Heater (2024-09-25). "Meta discontinues Quest 2 and Quest Pro". TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2024/09/25/meta-discontinues-quest-2-and-quest-pro/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 David Heaney (2024-09-03). "Pico 4 Ultra Launches In Europe & Asia-Pacific On September 20, Preorders Open Friday". UploadVR. https://www.uploadvr.com/pico-4-ultra-europe-apac-preorders/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Marcel Kleffmann (2024-09-03). "New "Ultra" VR/MR Headset from Pico Comes to Europe". GamesMarket. https://www.gamesmarket.global/pico-4-ultra-new-ultra-vrmr-headset-from-pico-comes-to-europe-9a7c50d910b4dd443cf794846516b6a5/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Shahram Izadi (2024-12-12). "Android XR: A new platform built for headsets and glasses". The Keyword. Google. https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/platforms/android/android-xr/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 "Introducing Galaxy XR: Opening New Worlds". Samsung Newsroom. Samsung Electronics America. 2025-10-21. https://news.samsung.com/us/introducing-galaxy-xr-opening-new-worlds/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 "Apple Vision Pro upgraded with the M5 chip and Dual Knit Band". Apple Newsroom. Apple. 2025-10-15. https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2025/10/apple-vision-pro-upgraded-with-the-m5-chip-and-dual-knit-band/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Aisha Malik (2026-04-16). "Meta raises Quest 3 and Quest 3S prices due to RAM shortage". TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/16/meta-raises-quest-3-and-quest-3s-prices-due-to-ram-shortage/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Scott Hayden (2026-10-12). "Steam Frame Backorder Queue Stretches into 2027". Road to VR. https://roadtovr.com/steam-frame-backorder-queue-2027/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ "Qualcomm reveals the world's first dedicated XR Platform". Cambridge Network. Qualcomm. 2018-05-29. https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/qualcomm-reveals-worlds-first-dedicated-xr-platform. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Ben Lang (2019-12-05). "Snapdragon XR2 Chip to Enable Standalone Headsets with 3K x 3K Resolution & 7 Cameras". Road to VR. https://www.roadtovr.com/qualcomm-snapdragon-xr2-5g-announcement/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Introducing Meta VR Glasses: A Cinema, Courtside Seat, and Workspace in Just 100 Grams". Meta Newsroom. 2026-09-23. https://about.fb.com/news/2026/09/introducing-meta-vr-glasses-3d-movies-immersive-live-sports-100-grams/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Jamie Feltham (2018-05-04). "Google + Lenovo's Standalone Daydream VR Headset, Mirage Solo, Is On Sale Now For $399". UploadVR. https://uploadvr.com/google-lenovos-standalone-daydream-vr-headset-mirage-solo-sale-now-399/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Scott Hayden (2024-09-25). "Quest 3S vs Quest 3 vs Quest 2 Compared with Detailed Specs". Road to VR. https://roadtovr.com/quest-3s-quest-3-quest-2-specs-compared/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 "Apple Vision Pro - Tech Specs". Apple Support. Apple. https://support.apple.com/en-us/117810. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ "PICO 4 Ultra specs". PICO Global. PICO. https://www.picoxr.com/global/products/pico4-ultra/specs. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 "Steam Frame". Steam. Valve. https://store.steampowered.com/hardware/steamframe. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ "Valve Steam Frame Review: Competent as a standalone VR, but wireless streaming remains the focus". Tom's Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/virtual-reality/valve-steam-frame-review. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 Rael Hornby (2023-12-25). "How to play PCVR and Steam games on Meta Quest headsets". Laptop Mag. https://www.laptopmag.com/gaming/vr/how-to-play-pcvr-and-steam-games-on-meta-quest-headsets. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Aske Mottelson, Gustav Bog Petersen, Klemen Lilija, Guido Makransky (2021-05-28). "Conducting Unsupervised Virtual Reality User Studies Online". Frontiers in Virtual Reality, vol. 2, article 681482. doi:10.3389/frvir.2021.681482. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/virtual-reality/articles/10.3389/frvir.2021.681482/full. Retrieved 2026-10-14.
- ↑ Diar Abdlkarim, Massimiliano Di Luca, Poppy Aves, Mohamed Maaroufi, Sang-Hoon Yeo, R. Chris Miall, Peter Holland, Joeseph M. Galea (2024). "A methodological framework to assess the accuracy of virtual reality hand-tracking systems: A case study with the Meta Quest 2". Behavior Research Methods, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 1052-1063. doi:10.3758/s13428-022-02051-8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10830632/. Retrieved 2026-10-14.