Vuzix iWear VR920
More actions
| Vuzix iWear VR920 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Basic Info | |
| VR/AR | Virtual Reality |
| Type | Head-mounted display |
| Subtype | PC VR |
| Platform | PC (Windows) |
| Creator | Vuzix (named Icuiti Corporation until September 2007) |
| Manufacturer | Vuzix |
| Announcement Date | 6 March 2007 (Icuiti launch announcement) |
| Release Date | 11 September 2007 (shipping announced by Vuzix); on sale in Japan by November 2007 |
| Price | US$399.95 (launch price) |
| Website | https://www.vuzix.com |
| System | |
| Operating System | Host PC: 32-bit Windows XP or Vista (2008 manual); 32-bit and 64-bit Windows XP, Vista and 7 with later software; 2D display only on other systems |
| Display | |
| Display | 2 x LCD (VGA, progressive scan), 24-bit color |
| Resolution | 640 x 480 per eye; accepts 800 x 600 and 1024 x 768 input, scaled to 640 x 480 |
| Refresh Rate | 60 Hz |
| Image | |
| Field of View | 32° |
| Optics | |
| Optics | Color-corrected 10th-order aspherical lens with diffractive surface; 3/4 in eye relief; 5/16 in eye box |
| Ocularity | Binocular |
| IPD Range | Fixed intraocular distance listed as 2-3/8 in (Vuzix) or 2.5 in (Icuiti, 2007) |
| Tracking | |
| Tracking | 3DoF rotational (pitch, roll, yaw) |
| Audio | |
| Audio | Removable stereo earphones |
| Microphone | Built-in, noise-canceling (VOIP capable) |
| Connectivity | |
| Connectivity | USB (power, tracking, full-duplex audio), analog VGA |
| Ports | Single 6 ft cable ending in VGA and USB connectors; DVI analog video adapter included |
| Power | USB bus power |
| Device | |
| Weight | 3.2 oz (visor) |
| Sensors | 3 magnetic sensors, 3 accelerometers |
| Input | Head tracking; volume and on-screen display control wheel |
The Vuzix iWear VR920 is a consumer virtual reality head-mounted display for Windows PCs made by Vuzix Corporation of Rochester, New York. The company announced its launch on 6 March 2007 under its earlier name, Icuiti, took pre-orders, and began shipping it as a Vuzix product on 11 September 2007 at US$399.95.[1][2] The company said the VR920 had won a 2007 CES Innovations Award and marketed it as "the world's first fully immersive virtual reality video eyewear."[3][2] The system had twin 640 x 480 LCD displays, a built-in three-degree-of-freedom (3DoF) head tracker, a microphone and removable earphones, all in a glasses-style visor that weighed 3.2 ounces.[2]
The VR920 connected to a PC through VGA and USB and worked as an additional display for the computer.[4] With supported games it turned head movement into camera movement, and with compatible drivers it showed stereoscopic 3D images.[5] In a November 2007 review for Ars Technica, Ben Kuchera wrote that it was "the first time I've ever used a consumer-level headset that delivered actual, working virtual reality at a sub-$500 price point."[6] Vuzix had moved the VR920 to its list of discontinued products by October 2011.[7]
History and development
Vuzix Corporation
Vuzix Corporation has its roots in an earlier generation of consumer VR hardware. According to its 2009 annual report, the company was incorporated in Delaware in 1997 as VR Acquisition Corp. and that year acquired substantially all of the assets of Forte Technologies, Inc., a maker of virtual reality headsets whose products included the Forte VFX1. It was renamed Kaotech Corporation in 1997, Interactive Imaging Systems, Inc. in 1998, Vicuity Corporation and then Icuiti Corporation in 2004, and Vuzix Corporation in 2007.[8] The same filing dates the change to the Vuzix name to September 2007 and says the company discontinued its original virtual reality product line in 2003 to focus on video eyewear, selling its first binocular video eyewear in February 2005.[8] Paul Travers, the company's founder, president and CEO, had earlier founded Forte Technologies.[9]
Announcement and release
Icuiti stated that the VR920 won a 2007 CES Innovations Award.[10] On 6 March 2007 the company announced the iWear VR920 as "the first Video Eyewear specifically designed for online game play and Internet communications" and took pre-orders; Icuiti CEO Paul Travers discussed it in a PC World interview at the 2007 Game Developers Conference in San Francisco.[1] In a hands-on published on 8 March 2007, Engadget tried the VR920 and the cheaper iWear AV920 and reported that the VR920 cost $50 more and added a microphone and an accelerometer for motion tracking.[11] By August 2007 Icuiti's product page listed the VR920 at $399.95 and warned that, due to high demand, orders could take six to eight weeks to ship.[10]
Vuzix, the renamed company, announced on 11 September 2007 that the VR920 was launched and shipping, at a retail price of $399.95.[2] Macworld reported the same day that the eyewear worked as a second display for both Macs and PCs, but that 3D stereo and head tracking were not yet supported on the Mac.[4] In Tokyo's Akihabara district, AKIBA PC Hotline found the VR920 on sale in November 2007 at 52,700 yen (Faith Custom-kan, sold out) and 57,800 yen (PC Shop Ark), prices including 5% tax.[12] In January 2008, New Atlas covered the VR920 alongside the AV920-C, a gaming version for consoles that Vuzix announced for February 2008, and repeated the $399.95 price.[13]
Design and hardware
Display system
The VR920 has twin LCD displays, one for each eye, each with a native resolution of 640 x 480.[2][14] Vuzix listed the displays as "Twin high-resolution 640x480 (920,000 pixels) LCD displays"; its 2009 annual report describes the resolution as VGA "640x480 three-color pixels".[14][8] Other listed display specifications were:[14]
- Resolution: 640 x 480 per eye (native)
- Maximum supported input: 1024 x 768
- Color depth: 24-bit true color (16 million colors)
- Refresh rate: 60 Hz progressive scan
- Display type: VGA progressive scan LCD
The headset accepts 1024 x 768, 800 x 600 and 640 x 480 signals at 60 Hz; its scaling engine converts the two higher resolutions to the native 640 x 480.[5] An on-screen display, opened by holding down a control wheel under the right front of the visor, adjusts brightness, contrast, display mode, brightness balance and backlight.[5]
Virtual screen size and field of view
Vuzix described the image as equivalent to a 62-inch screen viewed from 9 feet away, which its launch release called "the largest virtual screen".[2] The VR920 has a 32-degree field of view.[2] The user's manual states that the eyewear is visually focused at a distance of 7 feet to avoid eye strain.[5]
Optics
Vuzix's product page listed a color-corrected 10th-order aspherical lens with a diffractive surface, 3/4-inch eye relief and a 5/16-inch eye box.[15] It gave the intraocular distance (IOD) as 2-3/8 inches, while Icuiti's 2007 page and New Atlas gave 2.5 inches.[15][10][13]
Physical design
The visor is worn like a pair of glasses.[1] Vuzix's AccuTilt viewer pivots up to 15 degrees, the nosepiece extends by up to 3/8 inch, and a head strap holds the eyewear in place.[15] Users with prescription glasses can bend the nose bridge so the eyewear sits in front of their glasses.[5] The displays do not cover the whole field of vision, so the wearer can see above and below them. Vuzix sold an "immersive eyeshield" for $14.95 that blocks outside light.[6][14]
Tracking system
Multi-sensor approach
The iWear VR920 computed head tracking data through a sensor array mounted inside the display enclosure:[5]
- Magnetic sensors: 3 sensors
- Accelerometers: 3 accelerometers
This combination enabled pitch, roll and yaw head tracking when used with compatible software.[5] Vuzix's later VR Manager documentation describes it as a three-degrees-of-freedom tracker, unlike the Wrap Tracker 6TC, which could support up to six degrees of freedom.[16] Vuzix called this its "proprietary three degrees of freedom head tracking technology."[8]
Calibration
Because the magnetic sensors react to changes in the surrounding magnetic field, the manual tells users to recalibrate the tracker after moving to a new location or when objects with a strong electromagnetic field are nearby. In the iWear VR920 Calibrator program, the user rotates the eyewear through its full range of pitch, roll and yaw, locks the calibration, then puts the eyewear on and sets a forward "zero" direction.[5] Ars Technica found the process "kind of a touchy process" that took practice, and advised turning the head with moderately paced, smooth motions.[6]
Audio system
Integrated audio
The VR920 includes a complete audio system that installs as a separate USB audio device on the PC:[5]
- Headphones: Adjustable, detachable stereo headphones designed to sit outside the ear
- Microphone: Built-in noise-canceling microphone under the left front of the eyewear, for VOIP communications[14]
The manual describes the headphones and microphone as "an all-in-one solution for in-game chat and VOIP communications." The control wheel turns the headphone volume, and a short press mutes the microphone.[5]
3D capabilities
iWear 3D
The VR920 was "iWear 3-D enabled for automatic switch between 2-D & 3-D".[2] It shows standard 2D video by default and stereoscopic 3D with supporting software and graphics hardware.[5] Vuzix's later VR Manager documentation states that the VR920 supports a frame sequential 3D video format.[16]
At launch, stereoscopic 3D depended on Nvidia graphics cards and Nvidia's stereo drivers.[2][17] Ars Technica could not get stereo 3D working with its GeForce 8800 GTS and noted that the Nvidia drivers did not support Vista or ATI cards.[6] In late January 2008 Vuzix released firmware that enabled its own Vuzix 3D video drivers, which worked with "virtually any make or model of graphics card" under Windows XP or Vista.[17]
The manual lists three ways a program can get 3D video: native Vuzix 3D driver support, Vuzix 3D drivers enabled through an iWearMonitor Extension, or an Nvidia card with Nvidia 3D drivers.[5]
Connectivity
The VR920 connected to PCs via:[14]
- USB: For power, head tracking data and full-duplex audio
- VGA: Analog VGA monitor input for the video signal
The cable leaves the visor as a single wire and splits into the USB and VGA plugs. Ars Technica noted that it cannot be detached from the glasses.[6] The box included a DVI analog video adapter for graphics cards with a DVI port.[5] The eyewear has no on/off switch and is powered down by unplugging the USB connector.[5]
Software compatibility
Operating systems
Vuzix's launch release described the VR920 as working with Windows XP and Vista.[2] The 2008 user's manual lists a 32-bit Windows XP or Vista PC with a VGA or DVI port and a USB 2.0 port as the system requirements, and says the eyewear may work as a 2D display on Macintosh, 64-bit Windows and Linux without some features.[5] Later software added 64-bit drivers, and by 2010 Vuzix listed compatibility with:[18][14]
- Windows 7 (32-bit and 64-bit)
- Windows Vista (32-bit and 64-bit)
- Windows XP (32-bit and 64-bit)
In a December 2009 Linux Journal review, Kyle Rankin found that Ubuntu detected the eyewear as an "Icuiti Corp. VR920 Video Eyewear" and used it as a 640 x 480 second screen with working audio. Head tracking under Linux relied on hobbyist projects that he did not consider fully functional.[19]
Supported games
Head tracking works either through native iWear support in a game or through an iWearMonitor Extension, a Vuzix add-on that installs the files needed for tracking or 3D in a specific game.[5] At the time of the Ars Technica review (November 2007), games with head-tracking support included:[6]
- World of Warcraft
- Unreal Tournament 2004
- Half-Life
- Counter-Strike
- Microsoft Flight Simulator X
- IL-2 Sturmovik
- X-Plane
- GTR-II
- rFactor
- Second Life
The supported list then grew quickly. Vuzix said 40 titles were supported in March 2008, including Call of Duty 4, Crysis, Half-Life 2 and Quake 4, and 89 games and other applications in September 2008.[17][18] An August 2008 Vuzix compatibility chart rated each title for native or extension-based 3D and tracking support; titles with native Vuzix support included Second Life, AirXoniX, AssaultCube and Space Shuttle Mission 2007.[20] In August 2010 Vuzix said its VR Manager 3.0 software offered over 120 Vuzix Extensions adding 3D and/or head-tracking support.[21]
Developer kit
Vuzix offered game developers a free software development kit for adding native iWear tracking and 3D support.[5] Its 2009 annual report said more than 1,700 copies of the SDK were in use, "in applications from college research programs to commercial developers".[8] In August 2010 Vuzix released VR Manager 3.0, a free download covering both the VR920 and the newer Wrap 920 eyewear, together with a royalty-free Vuzix VR SDK for stereoscopic video and head tracking on Windows.[21][16]
Firmware and software updates
Vuzix provided firmware and software updates for the VR920 from 2008 to 2010 as free downloads for existing owners.[17][18][21]
| Date | Release | Main changes |
|---|---|---|
| Late January 2008 | Firmware update | Enabled the Vuzix 3D video drivers, with support for two titles at first[17] |
| 5 March 2008 | VR920 software v2.0 | 40 supported titles with Vuzix 3D drivers on virtually any graphics card under Windows XP or Vista; improved head tracking; new user's manual; better 3D video quality[17] |
| 24 September 2008 | VR920 software v2.3 | 8 new titles (89 in total); native-mode viewer for Second Life (v1.19.1.4 and v1.20.15); 64-bit signed drivers for XP and Vista; user interface changes[18] |
| August 2010 | VR Manager 3.0 | Combined calibration and extension tools in one program; support for the VR920 and Wrap 920; 32-bit and 64-bit Windows 7, Vista and XP; royalty-free VR SDK[21] |
Augmented reality accessory
At the 2009 Game Developers Conference, Vuzix introduced an augmented reality accessory kit for the VR920, with software from Metaio. CamAR is a clip-on USB camera that mounts on the eyewear so the wearer sees the real world on the displays with 3D graphics overlaid, and PhasAR was a wireless input controller with six-degree-of-freedom tracking.[22][23] The camera turned the VR920 into a video see-through display.[23] Singularity Hub reported in December 2009 that CamAR cost $150 and the VR920 $400, with $50 off when the two were ordered together, and that Vuzix provided free SDK access to developers on request.[24] By 2013 the iWear CamAR also appeared on Vuzix's discontinued products list together with the VR920.[25]
Use in research
The low price and built-in tracker made the VR920 a practical display for laboratory studies. In a 2012 PLOS ONE study of finger tapping in young adults, older adults and people with Parkinson's disease, the authors used a VR920 to show participants a virtual room from a first-person view. The paper reports that the headset tracked yaw, pitch and roll after an initial calibration, that the authors added black foam to shut out the real room, and that correcting lenses were attached to the screens when needed.[26]
Reception
Early impressions were mixed. Engadget's March 2007 hands-on found the eyewear surprisingly comfortable, but the VR920's accelerometer was "ineffective in our trial" and interfered with mouse use, although the writer could not tell whether the headset or the tester's own habit of looking around the monitor was at fault. The 3D effect worked, but the writer felt that "the impact does not compensate for the price."[11]
Ars Technica's Ben Kuchera, who said he went into the review with very low expectations, found the 640 x 480 displays sharp enough for e-mail, instant messaging, video and games. He criticized the fixed cable, the built-in earphones, the light leaking in around the displays and the difficulty of getting stereoscopic 3D to work, and said head tracking at the time worked in only about ten games and needed manual setup. Head-tracked flight in Microsoft Flight Simulator X impressed him most: "The sense of flight and actually being there is almost overwhelming." He judged that for $400 it "may not be a must-have for anyone but flight simulation fanatics, but it's a significant improvement over other products on the market."[6]
In Linux Journal, Kyle Rankin found the nose bridge uncomfortable until adjusted and eye fatigue lower than he expected. He used the goggles less than he had planned because of the low resolution ("There are only so many programs that work well in 640x480"), and named air travel as "the killer app for this."[19]
Discontinuation
Vuzix listed the iWear VR920 on its "Discontinued Products" page by late October 2011, alongside the iWear AV920.[7] By March 2011 Vuzix was selling a Wrap 920 VR Bundle, which combined its sunglass-style Wrap 920 eyewear with a VGA adapter and a separate Wrap Tracker 6TC head tracker that Vuzix described as using nine sensors with automatic drift compensation.[27] The Wrap 920 VR Bundle was itself later listed as discontinued.[25]
Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Display Type | 2 x LCD (VGA progressive scan)[2] |
| Resolution | 640 x 480 per eye[14] |
| Max Input | 1024 x 768 (also 800 x 600), scaled to 640 x 480[5] |
| Color Depth | 24-bit (16 million colors)[14] |
| Refresh Rate | 60 Hz[14] |
| Field of View | 32°[2] |
| Virtual Screen | 62" from 9 feet[2] |
| Optics | Color-corrected 10th-order aspherical lens with diffractive surface; 3/4" eye relief; 5/16" eye box[15] |
| Head Tracking | 3DoF (3 magnetic sensors, 3 accelerometers)[5] |
| Audio | Detachable headphones + noise-canceling microphone[14] |
| Connectivity | USB + analog VGA; DVI analog adapter included[5] |
| Power | USB[14] |
| Weight | 3.2 oz (visor)[2] |
| Price | $399.95 (launch, United States)[2] |
See Also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Icuiti :: News Releases and Announcements". Icuiti. Icuiti Inc.. 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070823185709/http://icuiti.com/news/news.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 "Vuzix Introduces iWear VR920, the World's First Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Video Eyewear". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2007-09-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20100102202333/http://vuzix.com/site/_news/09-11-07-VR920-Now-Available.pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Vuzix iWear VR920 - World's First Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Video Eyewear". TechPowerUp. TechPowerUp. 2007. https://www.techpowerup.com/40081/vuzix-iwear-vr920-worlds-first-fully-immersive-virtual-reality-video-eyewear.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Peter Cohen (2007-09-11). "iWear VR920 video eyewear works with Macs, PCs". Macworld. https://www.macworld.com/article/187296/iwear.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 "iWear VR920 Video Eyewear User's Manual". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20110113024402/http://www.vuzix.com/site/_support/VR920_User%E2%80%99s_Manual_(US-EN_227PB0002-E).pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Ben Kuchera (2007-11-07). "VR on the cheap: a review of the Vuzix iWear VR920 video eyewear". Ars Technica (reprint hosted by Vuzix). https://web.archive.org/web/20100102205516/http://vuzix.com/site/_news/11-08-07-Ars_Technica_Review_VR920.pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Vuzix iWear - Discontinued Products". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111029073159/http://www.vuzix.com/consumer/discontinued_products.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 "Vuzix Corporation Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009". Vuzix Investor Relations. Vuzix Corporation. 2010. https://ir.vuzix.com/sec-filings/annual-reports/content/0001144204-10-017600/0001144204-10-017600.pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Management Team". Vuzix Investor Relations. Vuzix Corporation. https://ir.vuzix.com/company-information/management-team. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Icuiti :: iWear VR920". Icuiti. Icuiti Inc.. 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070823175248/http://www.icuiti.com/products/vr920.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Ross Miller (2007-03-08). "Eyes-on impression: Icuiti iWear". Engadget. https://www.engadget.com/2007-03-08-eyes-on-impression-icuiti-iwear.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Vuzix iWear VR920の概要 (2007年11月10日号)". AKIBA PC Hotline!. Impress Watch. 2007-11-10. https://akiba-pc.watch.impress.co.jp/hotline/20071110/ni_chmd.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Emily Clark (2008-01-16). "Vuzix immersive video eyewear - the wearable 62-inch screen". New Atlas. https://newatlas.com/vuzix-vr920-video-eyewear/8668/. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 14.00 14.01 14.02 14.03 14.04 14.05 14.06 14.07 14.08 14.09 14.10 14.11 "Vuzix iWear VR920 - The New Virtual Reality for Gamers". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101012030646/http://www.vuzix.com/consumer/products_vr920.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 "Vuzix - iWear Video Eyewear: iWear VR920". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071011004813/http://www.vuzix.com/iwear/products_vr920.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "Vuzix VR Manager 3.0 Manual". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20110113024104/http://www.vuzix.com/site/_support/Vuzix%20VR%20Manager%203.0%20Manual%20(EN).pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 "Vuzix Announces a Major Software Upgrade to the Video iWear VR920; expanding supported titles and Vista compatibility". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2008-03-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20090219125605/http://vuzix.com/site/_news/03-04-08-Vuzix-Announces-VR920-Software-Upgrade.pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 "Vuzix VR920 Software Update brings Second Life to life, supports 8 new titles and adds 64-bit support". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2008-09-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20100102194239/http://vuzix.com/site/_news/09_25_08_VR920_v2.3_Software_Press_Release.pdf. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Kyle Rankin (2009-12-01). "The Goggles, They Do Something". Linux Journal. https://www.linuxjournal.com/magazine/goggles-they-do-something. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Vuzix iWear VR920 - About iWear VR920 Compatibility". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080821100334/http://www.vuzix.com/iwear/products_vr920_support.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Randall Hand (2010-08-03). "Vuzix releases Free SDK for Wrap920". VizWorld. https://vizworld.com/2010/08/vuzix-releases-free-sdk-wrap920/. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Vuzix Augmented-reality Video Eyewear". Computer Graphics World. 2009-04-01. https://www.cgw.com/Press-Center/GDC/2009/Vuzix-Augmented-reality-Video-Eyewear.aspx. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 John Biggs (2009-03-25). "Vuzix tries its hand at augmented reality". TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2009/03/25/vuzix-tries-its-hand-at-augmented-reality/. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ Aaron Saenz (2009-12-04). "Vuzix Makes Head Mounted Display Easy with iWear CamAR". Singularity Hub. https://singularityhub.com/2009/12/04/vuzix-makes-head-mounted-display-easy-with-iwear-camar/. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Vuzix iWear - Discontinued Products". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130801232518/http://www.vuzix.com/consumer/discontinued_products.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ Pablo Arias, Verónica Robles-García, Gabriel Sanmartín, Julian Flores, Javier Cudeiro (2012-01-18). "Virtual Reality as a Tool for Evaluation of Repetitive Rhythmic Movements in the Elderly and Parkinson's Disease Patients". PLoS ONE, vol. 7, no. 1, e30021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030021. Retrieved 2026-10-13.
- ↑ "Vuzix - Wrap 920 VR Bundle". Vuzix. Vuzix Corporation. 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110314014956/http://vuzix.com/consumer/products_wrap920vrbundle.html. Retrieved 2026-10-13.