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{{Device Infobox
{{Device Infobox
|image = [[File:Varjo xr-31.png|350px]]
|name = Varjo XR-3
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]], [[Virtual Reality]]
|image =
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Subtype = [[PC-Powered VR]]
|Subtype = [[PC VR]], [[Enterprise XR]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]], [[OpenXR]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]], [[Varjo Base]]
|Creator =  
|Creator = [[Varjo]]
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Announcement Date = December 1, 2020
|Announcement Date = December 2020
|Release Date = December 2020
|Release Date = February 2021
|Price = $5,495 + $1,495/year subscription
|Price = $5,495 (hardware) + $1,495/year (subscription)
|Website = https://varjo.com
|Website = https://varjo.com/
|Versions = XR-3, XR-3 Focal Edition
|Versions = Varjo XR-3
|Requires = High-end PC
|Requires = High-end PC (NVIDIA RTX 2080 or better), SteamVR base stations
|Predecessor = [[Varjo XR-1 (Developer Edition)]]
|Predecessor = [[Varjo XR-1]]
|Successor = [[Varjo XR-4]]
|Successor = [[Varjo XR-4]]
|Operating System = Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
|Operating System = [[Windows 10/11]]
|Chipset =  
|Chipset = N/A (PC-tethered)
|CPU =  
|CPU = N/A (host PC)
|GPU =  
|GPU = N/A (host PC)
|HPU =  
|HPU =
|Storage =  
|Storage = N/A (host PC)
|Memory =  
|Memory = N/A (host PC)
|SD Card Slot = No
|SD Card Slot = No
|Display = uOLED (focus) + LCD (peripheral)
|Display = Dual micro-OLED (focus) + dual LCD (peripheral)
|Subpixel Layout = RGB
|Subpixel Layout = RGB stripe (focus displays)
|Peak Brightness = 150 nits
|Peak Brightness = >100 nits (focus), >150 nits (peripheral)
|Resolution = Focus: 1920×1920 per eye, Context: 2880×2720 per eye
|Resolution = 2880 × 2720 per eye (focus), 2880 × 2720 per eye (context)
|Refresh Rate = 90 Hz
|Pixel Density = >70 PPD (focus area)
|Pixel Density = 70+ PPD (focus), 30+ PPD (periphery)
|Refresh Rate = 90Hz
|Persistence = Low persistence
|Persistence = Low persistence
|Precision = Sub-pixel precision
|Field of View = 115° horizontal
|Field of View = 115°
|Horizontal FoV = 115°
|Horizontal FoV = 115°
|Vertical FoV = N/A
|Vertical FoV = 134° (combined)
|Visible FoV = 115°
|Average Pixel Density = ~35 PPD
|Rendered FoV = 115°
|Peak Pixel Density = >70 PPD (focus area)
|Binocular Overlap = less than 85%
|Foveated Rendering = Yes (gaze-driven)
|Average Pixel Density = N/A
|Optics = Aspherical lenses with Bionic Display
|Peak Pixel Density = 70+ PPD
|Foveated Rendering = Yes (dynamic)
|Optics = Aspheric lenses
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Ocularity = Binocular
|IPD Range = 58-73mm (automatic adjustment)
|IPD Range = 59-71mm (automatic)
|Adjustable Diopter = No
|Adjustable Diopter = No (glasses compatible)
|Passthrough = Yes (12MP RGB cameras + LiDAR)
|Passthrough = Yes (12MP stereo, photorealistic)
|Tracking = SteamVR 2.0, Inside-out (beta)
|Tracking = 6DoF (SteamVR Tracking 2.0)
|Tracking Frequency = 1000 Hz
|Tracking Frequency = 1000Hz (IMU)
|Base Stations = Optional
|Base Stations = Required (SteamVR 2.0)
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200Hz)
|Eye Tracking = Yes (integrated, 200Hz)
|Face Tracking =  
|Face Tracking = No
|Hand Tracking = Yes (Ultraleap Gemini)
|Hand Tracking = Yes (Ultraleap integration available)
|Body Tracking =  
|Body Tracking = Via SteamVR trackers
|Rotational Tracking = 6DOF
|Rotational Tracking = Yes
|Positional Tracking = 6DOF
|Positional Tracking = Yes
|Update Rate = 1000 Hz
|Update Rate = 90Hz
|Tracking Volume = Up to 10m × 10m
|Tracking Volume = Room-scale (base station dependent)
|Play Space = Room-scale
|Play Space = Roomscale
|Latency = less than 20ms (VR), less than 20ms (passthrough)
|Latency = <20ms motion-to-photon
|Audio = Off-ear speakers (37mm drivers)
|Audio = Integrated headphones
|Microphone = Yes
|Microphone = Yes (integrated)
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|Camera = 2× 12MP RGB, 2× LiDAR depth sensors
|Camera = 2× 12MP RGB cameras (stereo passthrough)
|Connectivity = DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0
|Connectivity = DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0, proprietary cable
|Ports = 1× DisplayPort 1.4, 1× USB-C 3.0
|Ports = Proprietary headset cable
|Wired Video = DisplayPort 1.4
|Wired Video = Yes (DisplayPort 1.4)
|Wireless Video =  
|Wireless Video = No
|WiFi =  
|WiFi = No
|Bluetooth =  
|Bluetooth = No
|Power = External power adapter
|Power = Powered by PC via cable
|Battery Capacity =  
|Battery Capacity = N/A
|Battery Life =  
|Battery Life = N/A (tethered)
|Charge Time =  
|Charge Time = N/A
|Dimensions =  
|Dimensions = Not specified
|Weight = 594g (headset only)
|Weight = ~594g
|Material = Magnesium alloy, plastic
|Material = Premium plastics, aluminum
|Headstrap = 3-point precision fit headband
|Headstrap = Precision fit headband with counterweight
|Haptics = No
|Haptics = No
|Color = Black
|Color = Black/Silver
|Sensors = 200Hz eye tracking, IMU, depth sensors
|Sensors = Eye tracking cameras, IMU, proximity sensor
|Input = Compatible with SteamVR controllers
|Input = SteamVR controllers, enterprise controllers
|Compliance = CE, FCC, TAA-compliant option
|Compliance = FCC, CE
|Size =
|Cable Length = 5 meters
}}
}}
The [[Varjo XR-3]] is a professional [[PC-Powered VR|PC-powered]] [[mixed reality]] and [[virtual reality]] [[head-mounted display]]<ref name="varjo-xr3-product" /> announced on December 1, 2020,<ref name="auganix" /><ref name="symetri" /> by [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]. Building on the [[Varjo VR-3]] platform, the XR-3 adds advanced video passthrough capabilities with 12-megapixel cameras and [[LiDAR]] depth sensing, enabling seamless transitions between virtual and augmented reality.<ref name="varjo-announcement" />


==History==
The '''Varjo XR-3''' is a professional-grade mixed reality [[head-mounted display]] developed by [[Varjo]], announced in December 2020 and released in February 2021 at a price of $5,495 for hardware plus $1,495 annual subscription. Representing the pinnacle of enterprise XR technology at its release, the XR-3 features Varjo's revolutionary Bionic Display system combining micro-OLED focus displays with LCD peripheral displays to achieve human-eye resolution exceeding 70 pixels per degree in the foveal region—sharp enough to read cockpit instruments or fine print at arm's length. The XR-3's defining feature is its photorealistic video passthrough using dual 12MP cameras with LiDAR depth sensing, enabling true mixed reality where digital objects seamlessly blend with the real world at unprecedented fidelity. With integrated 200Hz eye tracking enabling foveated rendering, 115° horizontal field of view, and 90Hz refresh rate, the XR-3 targets the most demanding enterprise applications: flight simulation, automotive design, industrial training, and research where visual fidelity cannot be compromised.
The XR-3 succeeded Varjo's experimental XR-1 developer kit, representing the company's first production mixed reality headset. Development focused on achieving photorealistic passthrough quality with accurate depth perception, targeting industries requiring seamless AR/VR switching such as automotive design, medical training, and aerospace simulation.<ref name="roadtovr" />


Key innovations included:
== History and Development ==
* Industry's first VR headset with integrated LiDAR
* Highest resolution passthrough cameras in mixed reality
* Real-time depth-based occlusion
* Seamless VR/AR switching capability


==Technical Specifications==
=== Varjo Vision ===
Company mission:
* Founded 2016 in Finland
* Human-eye resolution goal
* Enterprise XR focus
* Premium market position


===Mixed Reality System===
=== First Generation ===
The XR-3's passthrough system represents a significant advancement:
Previous products:
* '''RGB Cameras''': Dual 12-megapixel sensors
* VR-1 (2019) - VR-only
* '''Frame Rate''': 90 fps video passthrough
* XR-1 (2019) - Mixed reality
* '''Latency''': Sub-20ms glass-to-glass
* Bionic Display introduction
* '''Field of View''': Matches 115° display FOV
* Enterprise validation
* '''Color Accuracy''': 94% sRGB in passthrough mode


===LiDAR Depth Sensing===
=== December 2020 Announcement ===
First-of-its-kind integration in VR/AR:
XR-3 reveal:
* '''Technology''': Time-of-flight LiDAR sensors
* Improved resolution
* '''Range''': 0.5m to 5m depth sensing
* Enhanced passthrough
* '''Resolution''': 640×480 depth map
* LiDAR depth sensing
* '''Frame Rate''': 30 fps depth updates
* Subscription model
* '''Accuracy''': ±5mm at 1m distance
 
=== February 2021 Launch ===
Commercial release:
* $5,495 hardware
* $1,495/year subscription
* Enterprise channel
* Professional focus
 
== Design Philosophy ==
 
=== Human-Eye Resolution ===
Visual fidelity goal:
* >70 PPD in focus
* Read fine text
* Instrument legibility
* Professional requirements
 
=== Bionic Display ===
Dual display system:
* Micro-OLED focus area
* LCD peripheral context
* Combined experience
* Best of both technologies
 
=== Photorealistic Passthrough ===
Mixed reality quality:
* 12MP stereo cameras
* LiDAR depth sensing
* Real-time blending
* Unprecedented fidelity
 
=== Enterprise-Grade ===
Professional design:
* Premium construction
* Reliability focus
* Support infrastructure
* Deployment tools
 
== Display Technology ==
 
=== Bionic Display System ===
Revolutionary approach:
* '''Focus Display''': 2880 × 2720 micro-OLED per eye
* '''Context Display''': 2880 × 2720 LCD per eye
* '''Combined''': Seamless blend
* '''Technology''': Optical combination
 
=== Focus Area Resolution ===
Human-eye class:
* >70 PPD central
* ~35 PPD average
* Text legibility
* Instrument readable
 
=== Micro-OLED Focus ===
High-density core:
* RGB stripe layout
* Excellent contrast
* Fast response
* Premium quality
 
=== LCD Peripheral ===
Wide-angle context:
* Full FOV coverage
* Good resolution
* Seamless blend
* Complete vision
 
== Field of View ==
 
=== 115° Horizontal ===
Wide perspective:
* Industry-leading
* Natural field
* Peripheral awareness
* Professional adequate
 
=== Vertical Coverage ===
Complete view:
* 134° combined diagonal
* Good vertical
* Natural vision
* Comprehensive
 
== Optical System ==
 
=== Aspherical Lenses ===
Premium optics:
* Wide sweet spot
* Minimal distortion
* Clear edge-to-edge
* Professional quality
 
=== Automatic IPD ===
Eye tracking integration:
* '''Range''': 59-71mm
* Automatic adjustment
* Per-user optimization
* Eye tracking driven
 
== Eye Tracking ==
 
=== 200Hz Eye Tracking ===
Industry-leading:
* '''Frequency''': 200Hz
* '''Technology''': Integrated cameras
* Sub-degree accuracy
* Professional grade
 
=== Foveated Rendering ===
Performance optimization:
* Gaze-driven rendering
* Full resolution where looking
* Reduced peripheral
* GPU efficiency


===Display Technology===
=== Research Applications ===
Identical to VR-3 base specifications:
Scientific use:
* '''Focus Display''': 1920×1920 micro-OLED per eye
* Gaze data collection
* '''Context Display''': 2880×2720 LCD per eye
* Attention analysis
* '''Virtual Resolution''': 70+ PPD center, 30+ PPD periphery
* Training assessment
* '''Refresh Rate''': 90 Hz
* Behavioral research


==Mixed Reality Features==
== Mixed Reality System ==


===Video Passthrough Quality===
=== 12MP Stereo Passthrough ===
The XR-3 achieved unprecedented passthrough fidelity:
Photorealistic quality:
* '''Chroma Keying''': Real-time green screen removal
* '''Resolution''': 12 megapixels per camera
* '''Exposure Control''': Automatic HDR adjustment
* '''Stereo''': True depth perception
* '''White Balance''': Scene-adaptive color correction
* '''Quality''': Photorealistic
* '''Distortion Correction''': Minimal warping artifacts
* '''Latency''': Low-latency video


===Depth-Based Occlusion===
=== LiDAR Depth Sensing ===
LiDAR enables realistic object interaction:
Accurate depth:
* '''Pixel-Perfect Occlusion''': Virtual objects behind real objects
* Real-time depth map
* '''Hand Occlusion''': Natural hand-over-virtual interactions
* Object occlusion
* '''Dynamic Meshing''': Real-time 3D environment reconstruction
* Spatial accuracy
* '''Collision Detection''': Physics-based AR interactions
* AR registration


===XR-3 Focal Edition===
=== Mixed Reality Quality ===
Special variant with experimental features:<ref name="varjo-focal" />
Unprecedented fidelity:
* '''Varifocal Cameras''': Motorized focus adjustment
* Real-world visible
* '''Gaze-Directed Focus''': Camera focus follows eye gaze
* Digital integration
* '''Extended Depth Range''': 20cm to infinity focus
* Seamless blending
* '''Research Applications''': Vergence-accommodation studies
* Professional-grade


==Software Capabilities==
=== Use Cases ===
MR applications:
* Training with real equipment
* Design in context
* Maintenance guidance
* Research studies


===Varjo Reality Cloud XR===
== Tracking System ==
Cloud-based mixed reality platform:
* '''Remote Rendering''': Stream XR content from servers
* '''Multi-User Sessions''': Collaborative AR experiences
* '''Persistent AR''': Save and share AR annotations
* '''Cross-Platform''': Works with other Varjo headsets


===Development Tools===
=== SteamVR Tracking 2.0 ===
* '''XR SDK''': Unified API for VR/AR switching
External tracking:
* '''Depth API''': Direct LiDAR data access
* Base stations required
* '''Chroma Key SDK''': Custom background removal
* Sub-millimeter accuracy
* '''Unity XR Plugin''': Native mixed reality support
* Large volume
* '''Unreal Engine Integration''': Blueprint-based XR tools
* Professional reliability


===Professional Software Support===
=== 6DoF Precision ===
* '''[[Autodesk VRED]]''': Automotive design with AR
Complete motion:
* '''[[Siemens NX]]''': CAD overlay on physical parts
* Position tracking
* '''[[Unity MARS]]''': Mixed reality authoring
* Rotation tracking
* '''[[Microsoft Dynamics 365]]''': Enterprise AR applications
* High accuracy
* Low latency


==System Requirements==
=== Large Play Space ===
Higher than VR-3 due to passthrough processing:
Scalable tracking:
* '''Operating System''': [[Windows 10]]/11 Pro 64-bit
* Room-scale default
* '''Processor''': [[Intel Core i9]]-9900K or [[AMD Ryzen 9]] 3900X
* Expandable volume
* '''Graphics''': [[NVIDIA RTX 3080]] or [[Quadro RTX 6000]]
* Multiple base stations
* '''Memory''': 32 GB RAM minimum
* Enterprise deployment
* '''Storage''': 500 GB SSD recommended
* '''Ports''': DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0


==Industry Applications==
== Audio System ==


===Automotive Design===
=== Integrated Headphones ===
Revolutionary workflow capabilities:
Built-in audio:
* '''Clay Model Overlay''': Virtual designs on physical models
* Over-ear design
* '''Ergonomics Testing''': Real driver with virtual interior
* Spatial audio capable
* '''Color Matching''': Compare virtual and physical materials
* Good isolation
* '''Design Reviews''': Stakeholders see AR annotations
* Convenient


Major adopters:
=== 3.5mm Jack ===
* '''[[Volvo Cars]]''': Safety system visualization
Alternative audio:
* '''[[KIA]]''': Global design collaboration
* External headphones
* '''[[Continental AG]]''': HMI development
* Custom audio
* Professional options
* User preference


===Medical Training===
== Physical Design ==
* '''Surgical Planning''': 3D models overlaid on patients
* '''Medical Education''': Anatomy visualization on cadavers
* '''Remote Assistance''': Expert guidance via AR
* '''Therapy Applications''': Mixed reality rehabilitation


Institutional users:
=== Premium Construction ===
* '''[[HCA Healthcare]]''': Surgical training programs
Professional build:
* '''[[Children's Hospital Los Angeles]]''': Pediatric procedures
* High-quality materials
* '''Medical universities worldwide'''
* Precision engineering
* Durable design
* Enterprise grade


===Aerospace and Defense===
=== Comfort System ===
* '''Maintenance Training''': AR work instructions
Extended wear:
* '''Cockpit Design''': Virtual controls in real cockpit
* Counterweight design
* '''Mission Planning''': Terrain visualization
* Adjustable fit
* '''Simulation''': Mixed reality flight training
* Pressure distribution
* Professional use capable


Key customers:
=== Weight ===
* '''[[Boeing]]''': Assembly line training
Substantial device:
* '''[[Lockheed Martin]]''': F-35 maintenance
* ~594g
* '''Various defense contractors''': Classified programs
* Well-balanced
* Counterweight helps
* Acceptable for use case


==Advanced Features==
== Connectivity ==


===200Hz Eye Tracking in XR===
=== Tethered Operation ===
Enhanced for mixed reality:
PC connection:
* '''Vergence Tracking''': Measure eye convergence
* DisplayPort 1.4
* '''Depth Estimation''': Gaze-based distance calculation
* USB-C 3.0
* '''Attention Analysis''': Real-world fixation mapping
* Power delivery
* '''Calibration Transfer''': VR calibration works in AR
* Proprietary cable


===Ultraleap Gemini Hand Tracking===
=== PC Requirements ===
Optimized for mixed reality:
High-end system:
* '''Wider Tracking Volume''': 160° × 160° coverage
* NVIDIA RTX 2080 minimum
* '''Better Occlusion''': Handles real object interference
* RTX 3080 recommended
* '''Lower Latency''': 15ms hand detection
* USB 3.0 port
* '''Gesture Library''': Pre-built XR interactions
* DisplayPort 1.4


===Inside-Out Tracking (Beta)===
== Software Platform ==
Experimental markerless tracking:
* '''4 Tracking Cameras''': Separate from passthrough cameras
* '''SLAM Algorithm''': Simultaneous localization and mapping
* '''Hybrid Mode''': Combine with base stations
* '''Persistent Mapping''': Remember room layouts


==Variants and Configurations==
=== Varjo Base ===
Management software:
* Device configuration
* Display calibration
* Eye tracking setup
* Enterprise tools


===XR-3 Standard Edition===
=== SteamVR Integration ===
* Full mixed reality capabilities
Content access:
* 12MP passthrough cameras
* SteamVR applications
* LiDAR depth sensing
* OpenXR support
* $5,495 + $1,495/year
* Enterprise apps
* Custom development
 
=== Enterprise SDK ===
Developer tools:
* Unity integration
* Unreal Engine support
* Native SDK
* Professional tools
 
== Enterprise Applications ==
 
=== Flight Simulation ===
Aviation training:
* Cockpit legibility
* Instrument reading
* Realistic visuals
* Training fidelity


===XR-3 Focal Edition===
=== Automotive Design ===
* All standard features plus:
Vehicle development:
* Varifocal camera system
* Full-scale review
* Gaze-directed autofocus
* Design validation
* Research-grade eye tracking data
* Detail assessment
* Custom pricing
* Collaborative review


===XR-3 Secure Edition===
=== Industrial Training ===
* [[TAA]]/[[BAA]] compliant
Workforce development:
* Offline operation mode
* Procedure training
* Secure boot process
* Safety simulation
* Government/defense only
* Skill development
* Assessment capable


==Market Reception==
=== Research ===
Scientific use:
* Visual perception
* Attention studies
* Human factors
* Behavioral research


===Critical Response===
== Subscription Model ==
Professional reviews highlighted breakthrough features:


'''Strengths''':
=== Hardware + Subscription ===
* Best-in-class passthrough quality
Pricing structure:
* LiDAR depth unprecedented in VR/AR
* $5,495 hardware purchase
* Seamless VR/AR transitions
* $1,495/year subscription
* 115° FOV matched VR mode
* Software updates included
* Lighter than expected (594g)
* Support included


'''Limitations''':
=== Subscription Benefits ===
* High system requirements
Included features:
* Expensive subscription model
* Software updates
* Limited passthrough FOV vs human vision
* Technical support
* Tethered operation only
* New features
* Enterprise tools


===Industry Impact===
== Comparison with Competitors ==
The XR-3 influenced mixed reality development:
* Established LiDAR as essential for professional AR
* Proved high-resolution passthrough feasible
* Accelerated enterprise XR adoption
* Set new benchmark for AR/VR switching


==Technical Innovations==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Feature !! Varjo XR-3 !! HP Reverb G2 !! Valve Index
|-
| Price || $5,495+ || $599 || $999
|-
| Resolution || 2880×2720 ×2 (×2 displays) || 2160×2160 || 1440×1600
|-
| PPD (Peak) || >70 || ~24 || ~11
|-
| FOV || 115° || 114° || 130°
|-
| Refresh Rate || 90Hz || 90Hz || 144Hz
|-
| Eye Tracking || 200Hz || No || No
|-
| Passthrough || 12MP stereo || No || B&W cameras
|-
| Target || Enterprise || Consumer/Prosumer || Consumer/Prosumer
|}


===Photorealistic Passthrough Pipeline===
== Strengths and Limitations ==
* '''ISP Integration''': Custom image signal processor
* '''Temporal Filtering''': Reduced video noise
* '''Chromatic Correction''': Lens aberration compensation
* '''Dynamic Range''': 12-stop exposure latitude


===Real-Time Depth Processing===
=== Strengths ===
* '''GPU Acceleration''': CUDA-optimized depth maps
* Human-eye resolution (>70 PPD focus)
* '''Sensor Fusion''': Combine LiDAR with stereo depth
* Photorealistic 12MP passthrough
* '''Predictive Filling''': Interpolate occluded areas
* 200Hz integrated eye tracking
* '''Edge Detection''': Sub-pixel boundary accuracy
* LiDAR depth sensing
* 115° horizontal FOV
* Automatic IPD adjustment
* Enterprise support


==Manufacturing and Quality==
=== Limitations ===
* '''Helsinki Production''': In-house manufacturing
* Very expensive ($5,495 + subscription)
* '''Sensor Calibration''': Individual unit optimization
* Requires SteamVR base stations
* '''Burn-In Testing''': 48-hour stress tests
* Heavy (~594g)
* '''Quality Metrics''': <2% RMA rate reported
* Tethered only
* High PC requirements
* Subscription required


==Legacy and Future==
== Technical Specifications Summary ==
The XR-3 established Varjo's leadership in professional mixed reality:
* First production headset with LiDAR depth sensing
* Achieved "good enough" passthrough for professional use
* Validated mixed reality for enterprise workflows
* Influenced competitors toward higher-quality passthrough


The XR-3's success directly led to:
{| class="wikitable"
* [[Varjo XR-4]] development with improved cameras
|-
* Industry shift toward depth-sensing AR
! Specification !! Details
* Increased enterprise XR investment
|-
* New mixed reality use cases
| Display || Bionic: micro-OLED focus + LCD peripheral
|-
| Resolution || 2880 × 2720 per eye (×2 display types)
|-
| PPD || >70 (focus), ~35 (average)
|-
| FOV || 115° horizontal
|-
| Refresh Rate || 90Hz
|-
| Eye Tracking || 200Hz integrated
|-
| Passthrough || 12MP stereo + LiDAR
|-
| Tracking || SteamVR 2.0 (base stations)
|-
| Weight || ~594g
|-
| Price || $5,495 + $1,495/year
|}


==See Also==
== See Also ==
* [[Mixed reality]]
* [[Varjo]]
* [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
* [[Enterprise VR]]
* [[LiDAR]]
* [[Mixed Reality]]
* [[Video pass-through]]
* [[Bionic Display]]
* [[Depth sensing]]
* [[TAA compliance]]
 
==References==
<references>
<ref name="varjo-announcement">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-launches-xr-3-and-vr-3-headsets-to-bring-the-next-generation-of-immersive-technology-to-every-workplace/|title=Varjo Launches XR-3 and VR-3 Headsets to Bring the Next Generation of Immersive Technology to Every Workplace|publisher=Varjo|date=December 1, 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="roadtovr">{{cite web|url=https://www.roadtovr.com/varjo-xr-3-vr-3-announcement-specs-release-date-price/|title=Varjo Announces XR-3 and VR-3 Headsets – Specs, Price, Release Date|publisher=Road to VR|date=December 1, 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-xr3-product">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/varjo-xr-3/|title=Varjo XR-3 - The industry's highest resolution mixed reality headset|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-focal">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/varjo-xr-3-focal-edition/|title=Mixed Reality Training - Varjo XR-3 Focal Edition|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="auganix">{{cite web|url=https://www.auganix.org/varjo-launches-its-next-generation-xr-3-and-vr-3-headsets-for-businesses-and-enterprise/|title=Varjo launches its next generation XR-3 and VR-3 headsets for businesses and enterprise|publisher=Auganix|date=December 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="symetri">{{cite web|url=https://www.symetri.co.uk/news-events/news/press-release-varjo-launch-xr-3-headsets/|title=Press Release: Varjo Launch XR-3 Headsets|publisher=Symetri|date=December 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
</references>


== References ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Devices]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Devices]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:MR Headsets]]
[[Category:AR Headsets]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2020]]
[[Category:Finnish brands]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:PC VR]]
[[Category:Enterprise VR]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality]]
[[Category:Varjo]]
[[Category:Eye Tracking]]
[[Category:2020s VR]]

Revision as of 03:13, 8 January 2026

Varjo XR-3
Basic Info
VR/AR Mixed Reality
Type Head-mounted display
Subtype PC VR, Enterprise XR
Platform SteamVR, Varjo Base
Creator Varjo
Developer Varjo
Manufacturer Varjo
Announcement Date December 2020
Release Date February 2021
Price $5,495 (hardware) + $1,495/year (subscription)
Website https://varjo.com/
Versions Varjo XR-3
Requires High-end PC (NVIDIA RTX 2080 or better), SteamVR base stations
Predecessor Varjo XR-1
Successor Varjo XR-4
System
Operating System Windows 10/11
Chipset N/A (PC-tethered)
CPU N/A (host PC)
GPU N/A (host PC)
Storage
Storage N/A (host PC)
Memory N/A (host PC)
SD Card Slot No
Display
Display Dual micro-OLED (focus) + dual LCD (peripheral)
Subpixel Layout RGB stripe (focus displays)
Peak Brightness >100 nits (focus), >150 nits (peripheral)
Resolution 2880 × 2720 per eye (focus), 2880 × 2720 per eye (context)
Pixel Density >70 PPD (focus area)
Refresh Rate 90Hz
Persistence Low persistence
Image
Field of View 115° horizontal
Horizontal FoV 115°
Vertical FoV 134° (combined)
Average Pixel Density ~35 PPD
Peak Pixel Density >70 PPD (focus area)
Foveated Rendering Yes (gaze-driven)
Optics
Optics Aspherical lenses with Bionic Display
Ocularity Binocular
IPD Range 59-71mm (automatic)
Adjustable Diopter No (glasses compatible)
Passthrough Yes (12MP stereo, photorealistic)
Tracking
Tracking 6DoF (SteamVR Tracking 2.0)
Tracking Frequency 1000Hz (IMU)
Base Stations Required (SteamVR 2.0)
Eye Tracking Yes (integrated, 200Hz)
Face Tracking No
Hand Tracking Yes (Ultraleap integration available)
Body Tracking Via SteamVR trackers
Rotational Tracking Yes
Positional Tracking Yes
Update Rate 90Hz
Tracking Volume Room-scale (base station dependent)
Play Space Roomscale
Latency <20ms motion-to-photon
Audio
Audio Integrated headphones
Microphone Yes (integrated)
3.5mm Audio Jack Yes
Camera 2× 12MP RGB cameras (stereo passthrough)
Connectivity
Connectivity DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0, proprietary cable
Ports Proprietary headset cable
Wired Video Yes (DisplayPort 1.4)
Wireless Video No
WiFi No
Bluetooth No
Power Powered by PC via cable
Battery Capacity N/A
Battery Life N/A (tethered)
Charge Time N/A
Device
Dimensions Not specified
Weight ~594g
Material Premium plastics, aluminum
Headstrap Precision fit headband with counterweight
Haptics No
Color Black/Silver
Sensors Eye tracking cameras, IMU, proximity sensor
Input SteamVR controllers, enterprise controllers
Compliance FCC, CE

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The Varjo XR-3 is a professional-grade mixed reality head-mounted display developed by Varjo, announced in December 2020 and released in February 2021 at a price of $5,495 for hardware plus $1,495 annual subscription. Representing the pinnacle of enterprise XR technology at its release, the XR-3 features Varjo's revolutionary Bionic Display system combining micro-OLED focus displays with LCD peripheral displays to achieve human-eye resolution exceeding 70 pixels per degree in the foveal region—sharp enough to read cockpit instruments or fine print at arm's length. The XR-3's defining feature is its photorealistic video passthrough using dual 12MP cameras with LiDAR depth sensing, enabling true mixed reality where digital objects seamlessly blend with the real world at unprecedented fidelity. With integrated 200Hz eye tracking enabling foveated rendering, 115° horizontal field of view, and 90Hz refresh rate, the XR-3 targets the most demanding enterprise applications: flight simulation, automotive design, industrial training, and research where visual fidelity cannot be compromised.

History and Development

Varjo Vision

Company mission:

  • Founded 2016 in Finland
  • Human-eye resolution goal
  • Enterprise XR focus
  • Premium market position

First Generation

Previous products:

  • VR-1 (2019) - VR-only
  • XR-1 (2019) - Mixed reality
  • Bionic Display introduction
  • Enterprise validation

December 2020 Announcement

XR-3 reveal:

  • Improved resolution
  • Enhanced passthrough
  • LiDAR depth sensing
  • Subscription model

February 2021 Launch

Commercial release:

  • $5,495 hardware
  • $1,495/year subscription
  • Enterprise channel
  • Professional focus

Design Philosophy

Human-Eye Resolution

Visual fidelity goal:

  • >70 PPD in focus
  • Read fine text
  • Instrument legibility
  • Professional requirements

Bionic Display

Dual display system:

  • Micro-OLED focus area
  • LCD peripheral context
  • Combined experience
  • Best of both technologies

Photorealistic Passthrough

Mixed reality quality:

  • 12MP stereo cameras
  • LiDAR depth sensing
  • Real-time blending
  • Unprecedented fidelity

Enterprise-Grade

Professional design:

  • Premium construction
  • Reliability focus
  • Support infrastructure
  • Deployment tools

Display Technology

Bionic Display System

Revolutionary approach:

  • Focus Display: 2880 × 2720 micro-OLED per eye
  • Context Display: 2880 × 2720 LCD per eye
  • Combined: Seamless blend
  • Technology: Optical combination

Focus Area Resolution

Human-eye class:

  • >70 PPD central
  • ~35 PPD average
  • Text legibility
  • Instrument readable

Micro-OLED Focus

High-density core:

  • RGB stripe layout
  • Excellent contrast
  • Fast response
  • Premium quality

LCD Peripheral

Wide-angle context:

  • Full FOV coverage
  • Good resolution
  • Seamless blend
  • Complete vision

Field of View

115° Horizontal

Wide perspective:

  • Industry-leading
  • Natural field
  • Peripheral awareness
  • Professional adequate

Vertical Coverage

Complete view:

  • 134° combined diagonal
  • Good vertical
  • Natural vision
  • Comprehensive

Optical System

Aspherical Lenses

Premium optics:

  • Wide sweet spot
  • Minimal distortion
  • Clear edge-to-edge
  • Professional quality

Automatic IPD

Eye tracking integration:

  • Range: 59-71mm
  • Automatic adjustment
  • Per-user optimization
  • Eye tracking driven

Eye Tracking

200Hz Eye Tracking

Industry-leading:

  • Frequency: 200Hz
  • Technology: Integrated cameras
  • Sub-degree accuracy
  • Professional grade

Foveated Rendering

Performance optimization:

  • Gaze-driven rendering
  • Full resolution where looking
  • Reduced peripheral
  • GPU efficiency

Research Applications

Scientific use:

  • Gaze data collection
  • Attention analysis
  • Training assessment
  • Behavioral research

Mixed Reality System

12MP Stereo Passthrough

Photorealistic quality:

  • Resolution: 12 megapixels per camera
  • Stereo: True depth perception
  • Quality: Photorealistic
  • Latency: Low-latency video

LiDAR Depth Sensing

Accurate depth:

  • Real-time depth map
  • Object occlusion
  • Spatial accuracy
  • AR registration

Mixed Reality Quality

Unprecedented fidelity:

  • Real-world visible
  • Digital integration
  • Seamless blending
  • Professional-grade

Use Cases

MR applications:

  • Training with real equipment
  • Design in context
  • Maintenance guidance
  • Research studies

Tracking System

SteamVR Tracking 2.0

External tracking:

  • Base stations required
  • Sub-millimeter accuracy
  • Large volume
  • Professional reliability

6DoF Precision

Complete motion:

  • Position tracking
  • Rotation tracking
  • High accuracy
  • Low latency

Large Play Space

Scalable tracking:

  • Room-scale default
  • Expandable volume
  • Multiple base stations
  • Enterprise deployment

Audio System

Integrated Headphones

Built-in audio:

  • Over-ear design
  • Spatial audio capable
  • Good isolation
  • Convenient

3.5mm Jack

Alternative audio:

  • External headphones
  • Custom audio
  • Professional options
  • User preference

Physical Design

Premium Construction

Professional build:

  • High-quality materials
  • Precision engineering
  • Durable design
  • Enterprise grade

Comfort System

Extended wear:

  • Counterweight design
  • Adjustable fit
  • Pressure distribution
  • Professional use capable

Weight

Substantial device:

  • ~594g
  • Well-balanced
  • Counterweight helps
  • Acceptable for use case

Connectivity

Tethered Operation

PC connection:

  • DisplayPort 1.4
  • USB-C 3.0
  • Power delivery
  • Proprietary cable

PC Requirements

High-end system:

  • NVIDIA RTX 2080 minimum
  • RTX 3080 recommended
  • USB 3.0 port
  • DisplayPort 1.4

Software Platform

Varjo Base

Management software:

  • Device configuration
  • Display calibration
  • Eye tracking setup
  • Enterprise tools

SteamVR Integration

Content access:

  • SteamVR applications
  • OpenXR support
  • Enterprise apps
  • Custom development

Enterprise SDK

Developer tools:

  • Unity integration
  • Unreal Engine support
  • Native SDK
  • Professional tools

Enterprise Applications

Flight Simulation

Aviation training:

  • Cockpit legibility
  • Instrument reading
  • Realistic visuals
  • Training fidelity

Automotive Design

Vehicle development:

  • Full-scale review
  • Design validation
  • Detail assessment
  • Collaborative review

Industrial Training

Workforce development:

  • Procedure training
  • Safety simulation
  • Skill development
  • Assessment capable

Research

Scientific use:

  • Visual perception
  • Attention studies
  • Human factors
  • Behavioral research

Subscription Model

Hardware + Subscription

Pricing structure:

  • $5,495 hardware purchase
  • $1,495/year subscription
  • Software updates included
  • Support included

Subscription Benefits

Included features:

  • Software updates
  • Technical support
  • New features
  • Enterprise tools

Comparison with Competitors

Feature Varjo XR-3 HP Reverb G2 Valve Index
Price $5,495+ $599 $999
Resolution 2880×2720 ×2 (×2 displays) 2160×2160 1440×1600
PPD (Peak) >70 ~24 ~11
FOV 115° 114° 130°
Refresh Rate 90Hz 90Hz 144Hz
Eye Tracking 200Hz No No
Passthrough 12MP stereo No B&W cameras
Target Enterprise Consumer/Prosumer Consumer/Prosumer

Strengths and Limitations

Strengths

  • Human-eye resolution (>70 PPD focus)
  • Photorealistic 12MP passthrough
  • 200Hz integrated eye tracking
  • LiDAR depth sensing
  • 115° horizontal FOV
  • Automatic IPD adjustment
  • Enterprise support

Limitations

  • Very expensive ($5,495 + subscription)
  • Requires SteamVR base stations
  • Heavy (~594g)
  • Tethered only
  • High PC requirements
  • Subscription required

Technical Specifications Summary

Specification Details
Display Bionic: micro-OLED focus + LCD peripheral
Resolution 2880 × 2720 per eye (×2 display types)
PPD >70 (focus), ~35 (average)
FOV 115° horizontal
Refresh Rate 90Hz
Eye Tracking 200Hz integrated
Passthrough 12MP stereo + LiDAR
Tracking SteamVR 2.0 (base stations)
Weight ~594g
Price $5,495 + $1,495/year

See Also

References

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