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{{Device Infobox
{{Device Infobox
|name = HoloLens 2
|image =
|image =
|VR/AR = [[Augmented Reality]]
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]]
|Type = [[AR Headset]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Subtype = [[Enterprise AR]]
|Subtype = [[Standalone AR]]
|Platform = [[Windows Holographic]]
|Platform = [[Windows Mixed Reality]]
|Creator = [[Microsoft]]
|Developer = [[Microsoft]]
|Developer = [[Microsoft]]
|Manufacturer = [[Microsoft]]
|Manufacturer = [[Microsoft]]
|Announcement Date = February 24, 2019
|Release Date = November 7, 2019
|Release Date = November 7, 2019
|Announcement Date = February 24, 2019 (MWC)
|Price = $3,500 (device only), $5,199 (Development Edition)
|End of Life = Discontinued (software support until Dec 2027)
|Website = https://www.microsoft.com/hololens
|Price = $3,500 USD
|Versions = HoloLens 2, HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition, HoloLens 2 Development Edition
|Website = https://www.microsoft.com/hololens/
|Requires = Microsoft account or Azure Active Directory
|Predecessor = [[Microsoft HoloLens]]
|Predecessor = [[Microsoft HoloLens 1]]
|Chipset = Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 + HPU 2.0
|Successor =
|Display = Waveguide (see-through)
|Operating System = [[Windows Holographic]]
|Resolution = 1440x936 per eye
|Chipset = [[Qualcomm Snapdragon 850]]
|PPD = 47 PPD
|CPU = 8-core Kryo 385 (4×2.96 GHz Gold + 4×1.7 GHz Silver)
|Refresh Rate = 60 Hz
|GPU = Adreno 630
|HPU = Holographic Processing Unit 2.0 (custom Microsoft)
|Storage = 64GB UFS 2.1
|Memory = 4GB LPDDR4x
|SD Card Slot = No
|Display = 2× MEMS Laser Scanning waveguide
|Subpixel Layout = N/A (laser scanning)
|Peak Brightness = 500 nits
|Resolution = 2048 × 1080 per eye (2K 3:2 displays)
|Pixel Density = 47 PPD
|Refresh Rate = 60Hz
|Persistence = N/A
|Field of View = 52° diagonal
|Field of View = 52° diagonal
|Horizontal FoV = 43°
|Vertical FoV = 29°
|Average Pixel Density = 47 PPD
|Foveated Rendering = No
|Optics = See-through holographic waveguide lenses
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Eye Tracking = Integrated
|IPD Range = 51-74mm (automatic via eye tracking)
|Hand Tracking = 25-point articulation per hand
|Adjustable Diopter = No (glasses compatible)
|Audio = Spatial audio speakers
|Passthrough = Native see-through (optical)
|Battery = ~3 hours
|Tracking = 6DoF inside-out
|Connectivity = Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5.0, USB-C
|Tracking Frequency = 1000Hz IMU
|Eye Tracking = Yes (Azure Kinect DK sensor)
|Face Tracking = No
|Hand Tracking = Yes (fully articulated)
|Body Tracking = No
|Rotational Tracking = Yes
|Positional Tracking = Yes
|Play Space = Unlimited (world-scale)
|Latency = <10ms hand tracking
|Audio = Built-in spatial speakers (bone conduction optional)
|Microphone = Yes (5-channel microphone array)
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|Camera = 8MP stills, 1080p30 video, 4× environment understanding cameras
|Connectivity = Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2), Bluetooth 5.0
|Ports = USB Type-C
|Wired Video = No
|Wireless Video = No
|WiFi = Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2)
|Bluetooth = Bluetooth 5.0
|Power = Internal battery
|Battery Capacity = N/A
|Battery Life = 2-3 hours active use
|Charge Time = ~2 hours
|Dimensions = Adjustable
|Weight = 566g
|Weight = 566g
|Material = Carbon fiber, aluminum
|Headstrap = Dial-in fit system
|Haptics = No
|Color = Black
|Sensors = Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, 4× visible light cameras, 2× IR cameras, 1MP ToF depth sensor, ambient light sensor
|Input = Gaze, gesture, voice, hand tracking
|Compliance = FDA, CE, FCC
}}
}}


The '''Microsoft HoloLens 2''' is an enterprise [[augmented reality]] head-mounted display developed by [[Microsoft]], announced February 24, 2019 at MWC and released November 7, 2019 at $3,500. The second-generation HoloLens featuring expanded 52° diagonal field of view (2x+ vs HoloLens 1), 1440x936 per eye waveguide displays, Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 with improved Holographic Processing Unit, fully articulated hand tracking (25 points per hand), eye tracking, carbon fiber construction, untethered operation, and Windows Holographic platform. Targeting enterprise workers in manufacturing, healthcare, and field service.
The '''Microsoft HoloLens 2''' is a [[standalone AR|standalone]] [[mixed reality]] [[head-mounted display]] developed by [[Microsoft]], announced at Mobile World Congress on February 24, 2019, and released on November 7, 2019 at a starting price of $3,500. Building upon the original HoloLens, the second generation device features more than double the field of view (52° diagonal compared to 34°), improved comfort through a redesigned form factor with carbon fiber construction, fully articulated hand tracking replacing the limited gestures of its predecessor, and eye tracking for automatic IPD adjustment. Powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 processor and Microsoft's second-generation Holographic Processing Unit (HPU 2.0), the HoloLens 2 targets enterprise applications including manufacturing, healthcare, education, and remote collaboration.


== History and Development ==
== History and Development ==


Microsoft unveiled HoloLens 2 at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona on February 24, 2019, led by developer Alex Kipman. Shipping began November 7, 2019. HoloLens 2 addressed criticisms of the original HoloLens (narrow FOV, comfort, gesture limitations) while maintaining the untethered design. An Industrial Edition was released for regulated environments. Microsoft announced discontinuation but committed to software updates through December 31, 2027.<ref name="microsoft">{{cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/hololens/hololens2-hardware |title=HoloLens 2 Hardware |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=2025-01-07}}</ref>
=== Background and Genesis ===
Following the success of the original HoloLens released in 2016, Microsoft embarked on developing a successor that would address the primary criticisms of the first device: limited field of view, uncomfortable weight distribution, and the restrictive gesture-based input system. Alex Kipman, the technical fellow who led HoloLens development, described the goal as creating a device that felt as natural to use as a pair of glasses.
 
=== Mobile World Congress 2019 Announcement ===
Microsoft unveiled HoloLens 2 at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona on February 24, 2019. The announcement emphasized three major improvements: a dramatically expanded field of view, a completely redesigned comfort system, and breakthrough hand tracking technology that could recognize each finger's position and movement without controllers.
 
=== Azure Integration ===
Microsoft positioned HoloLens 2 as a cloud-connected device deeply integrated with Microsoft Azure services. Azure Kinect sensors, Azure Spatial Anchors, and Azure Remote Rendering expanded the device's capabilities beyond its onboard processing power.
 
=== Enterprise Focus ===
Unlike consumer-focused VR headsets, Microsoft targeted HoloLens 2 exclusively at enterprise customers from launch. Major deployments include surgical planning in healthcare, assembly line guidance in manufacturing, remote assistance in field service, and training simulations across various industries.
 
=== Industrial Edition ===
In late 2020, Microsoft introduced the HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition, designed for use in controlled environments such as clean rooms and hazardous locations. This variant carries ISO 14644-1 Class 5 certification and UL Class I, Division 2 certification for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.


== Design and Hardware ==
== Design and Hardware ==


=== Display ===
=== Form Factor Revolution ===
The HoloLens 2 represents a complete redesign from its predecessor. The weight has been reduced and redistributed using a carbon fiber construction, with the primary mass moved to the back of the head for improved balance. The device now sits on the user's head like a visor, with the computing and display components positioned above the brow rather than directly in front of the face.


Improved waveguide optics:
=== Carbon Fiber Construction ===
The use of carbon fiber for the headband significantly reduced weight while maintaining structural rigidity. The material choice also improved heat dissipation, addressing the thermal concerns of the original HoloLens during extended use sessions.


* '''1440x936 per eye''' resolution
=== Dial-In Fit System ===
* '''Waveguide see-through''' displays
A precision dial mechanism at the rear of the headband allows users to quickly adjust the fit for their head size. Combined with adjustable brow and back pads, the system accommodates a wide range of head sizes and shapes while maintaining consistent optical alignment.
* '''47 pixels per degree''' (maintained from HoloLens 1)
* '''60 Hz refresh rate'''
* '''52° diagonal FOV''' (vs 34° HoloLens 1)
* More than 2x FOV improvement


=== Processing ===
=== Flip-Up Visor ===
The HoloLens 2 introduces a flip-up visor design that allows users to quickly transition between holographic and unobstructed views of the real world. This feature addresses a key workflow limitation of the original device, where users had to remove the headset entirely to focus on physical tasks.


* '''Qualcomm Snapdragon 850'''
=== Glasses Compatibility ===
** Up to 2.96 GHz CPU
The optical system has been redesigned to accommodate users wearing prescription eyeglasses, with sufficient space between the waveguide displays and the user's eyes. This represented a significant improvement over the original HoloLens, which many glasses-wearing users found uncomfortable.
* '''HPU 2.0''' (Holographic Processing Unit)
 
* AI acceleration
== Display System ==
* Real-time spatial mapping
 
=== MEMS Laser Scanning Technology ===
The HoloLens 2 utilizes a revolutionary display technology based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) laser scanning. Rather than using traditional LCD or OLED panels, tiny mirrors rapidly scan RGB laser light across the waveguide displays, creating images point by point. This approach enables:
* Exceptional clarity and color accuracy
* Lower power consumption than panel-based displays
* Compact form factor
* Reduced heat generation
 
=== Waveguide Optics ===
The see-through holographic lenses use waveguide technology to project computer-generated imagery while allowing the user to view the physical world through the same optical elements. Light from the MEMS laser system is coupled into the waveguide and directed toward the user's eyes through diffractive optical elements.
 
=== Expanded Field of View ===
The HoloLens 2's 52-degree diagonal field of view represents more than double the visible holographic area of the original HoloLens (34 degrees). This expansion addresses one of the most significant criticisms of the first-generation device, allowing larger and more immersive holographic content.
* Horizontal FoV: 43°
* Vertical FoV: 29°
* Diagonal FoV: 52°
 
=== Resolution and Pixel Density ===
Each eye receives a 2048 × 1080 pixel image through the 3:2 aspect ratio displays, resulting in approximately 47 pixels per degree—described by Microsoft as "retina resolution" for holographic content. This density ensures that holographic text remains legible and detailed imagery appears sharp.
 
=== Color and Brightness ===
The laser-based display system produces vibrant, accurate colors with peak brightness of approximately 500 nits. Unlike the first HoloLens which struggled in brightly lit environments, HoloLens 2's improved brightness makes holograms visible in more lighting conditions.
 
== Processing Architecture ==
 
=== Dual-Processor Design ===
The HoloLens 2 employs a unique dual-processor architecture:
* '''Qualcomm Snapdragon 850''': General-purpose computing, running Windows Holographic OS
* '''Holographic Processing Unit 2.0''': Dedicated silicon for sensor processing, tracking, and holographic operations
 
=== Snapdragon 850 ===
The Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 provides the main computing power:
* 8-core Kryo 385 CPU (4× Gold cores at 2.96 GHz, 4× Silver cores at 1.7 GHz)
* Adreno 630 GPU
* Hexagon 685 DSP
* 4GB LPDDR4x RAM
* 64GB UFS 2.1 storage
 
This mobile platform was selected for its balance of processing power, energy efficiency, and Windows on ARM compatibility.
 
=== Holographic Processing Unit 2.0 ===
Microsoft's custom-designed HPU 2.0 represents a significant advancement over the original HPU. This second-generation coprocessor handles:
* Real-time processing of sensor data from all cameras
* Hand tracking algorithms with full finger articulation
* Head tracking and spatial mapping
* Eye tracking for gaze input and automatic IPD adjustment
* Seamless offloading from the main CPU
 
The HPU 2.0 processes data from 12 cameras, 5 sensors, and 6 microphones simultaneously while maintaining sub-millisecond latency for tracking operations.
 
== Tracking and Sensors ==
 
=== Inside-Out Tracking ===
HoloLens 2 uses markerless inside-out tracking with no external sensors required. The tracking system maintains positional awareness across large spaces, enabling world-scale experiences that persist between sessions.
 
=== Spatial Mapping ===
Four visible light cameras continuously scan the environment to create and update a real-time 3D mesh of the physical space. This mesh enables:
* Hologram placement on physical surfaces
* Occlusion of holograms behind real objects
* Physics-based interactions between virtual and physical worlds
* Spatial sound reflections
 
=== Time-of-Flight Depth Sensor ===
A 1-megapixel time-of-flight depth sensor based on Azure Kinect technology provides accurate depth information for:
* Hand tracking
* Scene understanding
* Precise surface detection
* Near-field spatial mapping


=== Eye Tracking ===
=== Eye Tracking ===
Integrated eye tracking enables several important capabilities:
* '''Automatic IPD Adjustment''': The system automatically adjusts the display positioning based on measured IPD (51-74mm range)
* '''Gaze Input''': Users can select objects by looking at them
* '''Foveated Rendering Potential''': While not actively used, the system supports future optimization
* '''User Attention Analytics''': Applications can track where users look for training and evaluation purposes
=== Hand Tracking ===
The fully articulated hand tracking system represents one of HoloLens 2's most significant advancements:
* Recognition of both hands simultaneously
* Tracking of all 25 joints per hand
* Natural gesture recognition (grab, pinch, touch)
* Direct manipulation of holographic content
* No controllers or markers required
* Works in various lighting conditions
The hand tracking system uses both depth and visible light camera data, processed by the HPU 2.0, to achieve latency under 10 milliseconds.


New capability:
=== Inertial Measurement ===
High-frequency IMUs (accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) provide 1000Hz rotation and position data, enabling smooth tracking even during rapid head movements.


* '''Integrated eye tracking'''
== Input Methods ==
* Gaze-based interaction
* Eye + voice commands
* Iris recognition login
* Automatic IPD adjustment


=== Hand Tracking ===
=== Gaze and Dwell ===
The eye tracking system enables gaze-based selection where users look at a target and dwell (hold gaze) to select. This complements the hand tracking system for situations where hand input may not be convenient.
 
=== Articulated Hand Gestures ===
Unlike the limited air-tap and bloom gestures of HoloLens 1, the second generation supports natural hand interactions:
* '''Grab''': Close hand to grasp holographic objects
* '''Pinch''': Touch thumb and index finger to select
* '''Poke''': Touch holographic buttons directly
* '''Manipulation''': Move, rotate, and resize holograms with both hands
* '''Scroll''': Swipe through content naturally
 
=== Voice Commands ===
Cortana integration and voice recognition enable hands-free operation:
* System-level commands ("Select", "Go back", "Start")
* Application-specific voice controls
* Dictation for text input
* Natural language processing for queries
 
=== Virtual Keyboard ===
A holographic keyboard appears when text input is required, supporting both hunt-and-peck finger input and gaze-based selection.
 
== Audio System ==
 
=== Spatial Audio Speakers ===
Built-in speakers positioned near the ears deliver spatial audio without covering the ear canal, allowing users to hear both holographic audio and environmental sounds simultaneously. The audio system supports:
* 3D positional audio tied to hologram locations
* Head-related transfer function (HRTF) processing
* Environmental audio passthrough
 
=== Microphone Array ===
A 5-channel microphone array enables:
* Clear voice command recognition
* Noise cancellation for calls
* Spatial audio capture
* Voice-based identity verification
 
=== Audio Jack ===
A 3.5mm audio jack accommodates headphones for private listening in noisy environments or when enhanced audio quality is required.
 
== Connectivity ==
 
=== Wireless ===
* Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2) for high-bandwidth data transfer and cloud services
* Bluetooth 5.0 for accessory connectivity
 
=== USB Type-C ===
The USB Type-C port supports:
* Device charging
* Data transfer
* Connection to desktop applications
* Ethernet adapter connectivity
 
== Power and Battery ==


Fully articulated:
=== Battery Life ===
The internal battery provides 2-3 hours of active use depending on workload intensity. The improved thermal design allows extended sessions without the overheating issues that affected the original HoloLens.


* '''25-point articulation''' per hand
=== Charging ===
* Natural grabbing/pinching
The device charges via USB Type-C, reaching full charge in approximately 2 hours. The HoloLens 2 supports charging while in use for all-day deployment scenarios.
* No gesture learning required
* Intuitive manipulation
* Time-of-flight sensor enabled


=== Audio ===
== Software Platform ==


* '''Spatial audio speakers'''
=== Windows Holographic ===
* Near-ear design
HoloLens 2 runs Windows Holographic, a specialized version of Windows optimized for mixed reality:
* 3D sound positioning
* Universal Windows Platform (UWP) application support
* Azure Active Directory integration
* Mobile Device Management (MDM) compatibility
* Windows Update deployment


=== Build ===
=== Development Platforms ===
Developers can create HoloLens 2 applications using:
* '''Unity''': Most popular development environment
* '''Unreal Engine''': High-fidelity graphics support
* '''MRTK (Mixed Reality Toolkit)''': Microsoft's open-source UX framework
* '''OpenXR''': Cross-platform VR/AR standard
* '''Web technologies''': WebXR for browser-based experiences


Improved comfort:
=== Azure Services Integration ===
Deep integration with Microsoft Azure expands HoloLens 2 capabilities:
* '''Azure Spatial Anchors''': Persistent world-scale positioning
* '''Azure Remote Rendering''': Stream high-quality 3D content from the cloud
* '''Azure Object Anchors''': Align holograms to physical objects
* '''Dynamics 365 Remote Assist''': Enterprise remote collaboration
* '''Dynamics 365 Guides''': Interactive work instructions


* '''Carbon fiber construction'''
== Enterprise Applications ==
* '''566g weight'''
* Better balanced
* Flip-up visor
* Dial-in fit system
* Untethered design


=== Connectivity ===
=== Manufacturing ===
* Assembly guidance with step-by-step holographic instructions
* Quality inspection with AR-assisted measurement
* Training simulations for complex procedures
* Remote expert support for troubleshooting


* '''Wi-Fi'''
=== Healthcare ===
* '''Bluetooth 5.0'''
* Surgical planning and navigation
* '''USB-C'''
* Medical education with 3D anatomy visualization
* Remote consultation during procedures
* Physical therapy guidance


=== Battery ===
=== Architecture and Construction ===
* BIM model visualization at full scale
* On-site construction verification
* Design review with stakeholders
* Clash detection in physical space


* '''~3 hours''' active use
=== Field Service ===
* Fast charging
* Remote assistance with live video and annotations
* Equipment maintenance with overlaid instructions
* Parts identification and inventory
* Knowledge capture and transfer


== Editions ==
== Versions and Pricing ==


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Edition !! Features !! Price
! Version !! Price !! Features
|-
|-
| Development Edition || Standard HoloLens 2 || $3,500
| HoloLens 2 || $3,500 || Standard device for enterprise deployment
|-
|-
| Remote Assist Bundle || HoloLens 2 + Dynamics 365 || $125/user/month
| HoloLens 2 Development Edition || $5,199 || Includes $500 Azure credits, 3-month trials
|-
|-
| Industrial Edition || Certified for regulated environments || Higher
| HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition || $4,950 || Clean room and hazardous environment certified
|}
|}


== Enterprise Applications ==
== Technical Specifications Summary ==
 
=== Industries ===
* '''Manufacturing''' - assembly guidance
* '''Healthcare''' - surgical planning
* '''Field Service''' - remote assist
* '''Training''' - hands-on simulation
* '''Architecture''' - design visualization
 
=== Key Features ===
* Hands-free computing
* Remote expert assistance
* 3D visualization
* Workflow guidance
 
== Technical Specifications ==


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 137: Line 336:
! Specification !! Details
! Specification !! Details
|-
|-
| Display || 1440x936 waveguide x2
| Display || MEMS laser scanning waveguide
|-
| Resolution || 2048 × 1080 per eye
|-
|-
| PPD || 47
| Field of View || 52° diagonal (43° H × 29° V)
|-
|-
| Refresh Rate || 60 Hz
| Pixel Density || 47 PPD
|-
|-
| FOV || 52° diagonal
| Refresh Rate || 60Hz
|-
|-
| Processor || Snapdragon 850 + HPU 2.0
| Processor || Snapdragon 850 + HPU 2.0
|-
|-
| Eye Tracking || Integrated
| Memory || 4GB LPDDR4x
|-
| Storage || 64GB UFS 2.1
|-
| Eye Tracking || Yes
|-
| Hand Tracking || Full articulated (25 joints/hand)
|-
|-
| Hand Tracking || 25 points/hand
| Voice Input || Yes (Cortana)
|-
|-
| Battery || ~3 hours
| Audio || Built-in spatial speakers
|-
| Battery Life || 2-3 hours
|-
|-
| Weight || 566g
| Weight || 566g
|-
|-
| Price || $3,500
| Connectivity || Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth 5.0, USB-C
|-
| Price || $3,500+
|}
|}
== Reception ==
'''Praise:'''
* 52° FOV 2x+ improvement
* Hand tracking intuitive
* Eye tracking accurate
* Carbon fiber comfortable
* Untethered freedom
* Enterprise-ready
* Windows Holographic platform
* Dynamics 365 integration
* Remote Assist powerful
* Significant HoloLens 1 upgrade
'''Criticism:'''
* $3,500 enterprise pricing
* 60Hz low refresh rate
* 52° FOV still narrow
* 1440x936 resolution limited
* Enterprise-only focus
* No consumer version
* Battery ~3 hours
* Competition from others
* Now discontinued<ref name="wikipedia">{{cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HoloLens_2 |title=HoloLens 2 |publisher=Wikipedia |access-date=2025-01-07}}</ref>


== See Also ==
== See Also ==
* [[Microsoft HoloLens]]
* [[Microsoft]]
* [[Magic Leap 2]]
* [[Microsoft HoloLens 1]]
* [[Vuzix Shield]]
* [[Windows Mixed Reality]]
* [[Apple Vision Pro]]
* [[Azure Kinect]]
* [[Mixed Reality]]
* [[Enterprise AR]]
* [[Holographic Processing Unit]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Augmented Reality Devices]]
[[Category:AR Glasses]]
[[Category:AR Headsets]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality]]
[[Category:Standalone AR]]
[[Category:Enterprise AR]]
[[Category:Enterprise AR]]
[[Category:Microsoft]]
[[Category:Microsoft]]
[[Category:2019 in technology]]
[[Category:2010s AR]]

Latest revision as of 03:08, 8 January 2026

HoloLens 2
Basic Info
VR/AR Mixed Reality
Type Head-mounted display
Subtype Standalone AR
Platform Windows Mixed Reality
Creator Microsoft
Developer Microsoft
Manufacturer Microsoft
Announcement Date February 24, 2019
Release Date November 7, 2019
Price $3,500 (device only), $5,199 (Development Edition)
Website https://www.microsoft.com/hololens
Versions HoloLens 2, HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition, HoloLens 2 Development Edition
Requires Microsoft account or Azure Active Directory
Predecessor Microsoft HoloLens 1
System
Operating System Windows Holographic
Chipset Qualcomm Snapdragon 850
CPU 8-core Kryo 385 (4×2.96 GHz Gold + 4×1.7 GHz Silver)
GPU Adreno 630
HPU Holographic Processing Unit 2.0 (custom Microsoft)
Storage
Storage 64GB UFS 2.1
Memory 4GB LPDDR4x
SD Card Slot No
Display
Display 2× MEMS Laser Scanning waveguide
Subpixel Layout N/A (laser scanning)
Peak Brightness 500 nits
Resolution 2048 × 1080 per eye (2K 3:2 displays)
Pixel Density 47 PPD
Refresh Rate 60Hz
Persistence N/A
Image
Field of View 52° diagonal
Horizontal FoV 43°
Vertical FoV 29°
Average Pixel Density 47 PPD
Foveated Rendering No
Optics
Optics See-through holographic waveguide lenses
Ocularity Binocular
IPD Range 51-74mm (automatic via eye tracking)
Adjustable Diopter No (glasses compatible)
Passthrough Native see-through (optical)
Tracking
Tracking 6DoF inside-out
Tracking Frequency 1000Hz IMU
Eye Tracking Yes (Azure Kinect DK sensor)
Face Tracking No
Hand Tracking Yes (fully articulated)
Body Tracking No
Rotational Tracking Yes
Positional Tracking Yes
Play Space Unlimited (world-scale)
Latency <10ms hand tracking
Audio
Audio Built-in spatial speakers (bone conduction optional)
Microphone Yes (5-channel microphone array)
3.5mm Audio Jack Yes
Camera 8MP stills, 1080p30 video, 4× environment understanding cameras
Connectivity
Connectivity Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2), Bluetooth 5.0
Ports USB Type-C
Wired Video No
Wireless Video No
WiFi Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2)
Bluetooth Bluetooth 5.0
Power Internal battery
Battery Capacity N/A
Battery Life 2-3 hours active use
Charge Time ~2 hours
Device
Dimensions Adjustable
Weight 566g
Material Carbon fiber, aluminum
Headstrap Dial-in fit system
Haptics No
Color Black
Sensors Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, 4× visible light cameras, 2× IR cameras, 1MP ToF depth sensor, ambient light sensor
Input Gaze, gesture, voice, hand tracking
Compliance FDA, CE, FCC

Property "Latency" (as page type) with input value "" contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.


The Microsoft HoloLens 2 is a standalone mixed reality head-mounted display developed by Microsoft, announced at Mobile World Congress on February 24, 2019, and released on November 7, 2019 at a starting price of $3,500. Building upon the original HoloLens, the second generation device features more than double the field of view (52° diagonal compared to 34°), improved comfort through a redesigned form factor with carbon fiber construction, fully articulated hand tracking replacing the limited gestures of its predecessor, and eye tracking for automatic IPD adjustment. Powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 processor and Microsoft's second-generation Holographic Processing Unit (HPU 2.0), the HoloLens 2 targets enterprise applications including manufacturing, healthcare, education, and remote collaboration.

History and Development

Background and Genesis

Following the success of the original HoloLens released in 2016, Microsoft embarked on developing a successor that would address the primary criticisms of the first device: limited field of view, uncomfortable weight distribution, and the restrictive gesture-based input system. Alex Kipman, the technical fellow who led HoloLens development, described the goal as creating a device that felt as natural to use as a pair of glasses.

Mobile World Congress 2019 Announcement

Microsoft unveiled HoloLens 2 at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona on February 24, 2019. The announcement emphasized three major improvements: a dramatically expanded field of view, a completely redesigned comfort system, and breakthrough hand tracking technology that could recognize each finger's position and movement without controllers.

Azure Integration

Microsoft positioned HoloLens 2 as a cloud-connected device deeply integrated with Microsoft Azure services. Azure Kinect sensors, Azure Spatial Anchors, and Azure Remote Rendering expanded the device's capabilities beyond its onboard processing power.

Enterprise Focus

Unlike consumer-focused VR headsets, Microsoft targeted HoloLens 2 exclusively at enterprise customers from launch. Major deployments include surgical planning in healthcare, assembly line guidance in manufacturing, remote assistance in field service, and training simulations across various industries.

Industrial Edition

In late 2020, Microsoft introduced the HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition, designed for use in controlled environments such as clean rooms and hazardous locations. This variant carries ISO 14644-1 Class 5 certification and UL Class I, Division 2 certification for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.

Design and Hardware

Form Factor Revolution

The HoloLens 2 represents a complete redesign from its predecessor. The weight has been reduced and redistributed using a carbon fiber construction, with the primary mass moved to the back of the head for improved balance. The device now sits on the user's head like a visor, with the computing and display components positioned above the brow rather than directly in front of the face.

Carbon Fiber Construction

The use of carbon fiber for the headband significantly reduced weight while maintaining structural rigidity. The material choice also improved heat dissipation, addressing the thermal concerns of the original HoloLens during extended use sessions.

Dial-In Fit System

A precision dial mechanism at the rear of the headband allows users to quickly adjust the fit for their head size. Combined with adjustable brow and back pads, the system accommodates a wide range of head sizes and shapes while maintaining consistent optical alignment.

Flip-Up Visor

The HoloLens 2 introduces a flip-up visor design that allows users to quickly transition between holographic and unobstructed views of the real world. This feature addresses a key workflow limitation of the original device, where users had to remove the headset entirely to focus on physical tasks.

Glasses Compatibility

The optical system has been redesigned to accommodate users wearing prescription eyeglasses, with sufficient space between the waveguide displays and the user's eyes. This represented a significant improvement over the original HoloLens, which many glasses-wearing users found uncomfortable.

Display System

MEMS Laser Scanning Technology

The HoloLens 2 utilizes a revolutionary display technology based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) laser scanning. Rather than using traditional LCD or OLED panels, tiny mirrors rapidly scan RGB laser light across the waveguide displays, creating images point by point. This approach enables:

  • Exceptional clarity and color accuracy
  • Lower power consumption than panel-based displays
  • Compact form factor
  • Reduced heat generation

Waveguide Optics

The see-through holographic lenses use waveguide technology to project computer-generated imagery while allowing the user to view the physical world through the same optical elements. Light from the MEMS laser system is coupled into the waveguide and directed toward the user's eyes through diffractive optical elements.

Expanded Field of View

The HoloLens 2's 52-degree diagonal field of view represents more than double the visible holographic area of the original HoloLens (34 degrees). This expansion addresses one of the most significant criticisms of the first-generation device, allowing larger and more immersive holographic content.

  • Horizontal FoV: 43°
  • Vertical FoV: 29°
  • Diagonal FoV: 52°

Resolution and Pixel Density

Each eye receives a 2048 × 1080 pixel image through the 3:2 aspect ratio displays, resulting in approximately 47 pixels per degree—described by Microsoft as "retina resolution" for holographic content. This density ensures that holographic text remains legible and detailed imagery appears sharp.

Color and Brightness

The laser-based display system produces vibrant, accurate colors with peak brightness of approximately 500 nits. Unlike the first HoloLens which struggled in brightly lit environments, HoloLens 2's improved brightness makes holograms visible in more lighting conditions.

Processing Architecture

Dual-Processor Design

The HoloLens 2 employs a unique dual-processor architecture:

  • Qualcomm Snapdragon 850: General-purpose computing, running Windows Holographic OS
  • Holographic Processing Unit 2.0: Dedicated silicon for sensor processing, tracking, and holographic operations

Snapdragon 850

The Qualcomm Snapdragon 850 provides the main computing power:

  • 8-core Kryo 385 CPU (4× Gold cores at 2.96 GHz, 4× Silver cores at 1.7 GHz)
  • Adreno 630 GPU
  • Hexagon 685 DSP
  • 4GB LPDDR4x RAM
  • 64GB UFS 2.1 storage

This mobile platform was selected for its balance of processing power, energy efficiency, and Windows on ARM compatibility.

Holographic Processing Unit 2.0

Microsoft's custom-designed HPU 2.0 represents a significant advancement over the original HPU. This second-generation coprocessor handles:

  • Real-time processing of sensor data from all cameras
  • Hand tracking algorithms with full finger articulation
  • Head tracking and spatial mapping
  • Eye tracking for gaze input and automatic IPD adjustment
  • Seamless offloading from the main CPU

The HPU 2.0 processes data from 12 cameras, 5 sensors, and 6 microphones simultaneously while maintaining sub-millisecond latency for tracking operations.

Tracking and Sensors

Inside-Out Tracking

HoloLens 2 uses markerless inside-out tracking with no external sensors required. The tracking system maintains positional awareness across large spaces, enabling world-scale experiences that persist between sessions.

Spatial Mapping

Four visible light cameras continuously scan the environment to create and update a real-time 3D mesh of the physical space. This mesh enables:

  • Hologram placement on physical surfaces
  • Occlusion of holograms behind real objects
  • Physics-based interactions between virtual and physical worlds
  • Spatial sound reflections

Time-of-Flight Depth Sensor

A 1-megapixel time-of-flight depth sensor based on Azure Kinect technology provides accurate depth information for:

  • Hand tracking
  • Scene understanding
  • Precise surface detection
  • Near-field spatial mapping

Eye Tracking

Integrated eye tracking enables several important capabilities:

  • Automatic IPD Adjustment: The system automatically adjusts the display positioning based on measured IPD (51-74mm range)
  • Gaze Input: Users can select objects by looking at them
  • Foveated Rendering Potential: While not actively used, the system supports future optimization
  • User Attention Analytics: Applications can track where users look for training and evaluation purposes

Hand Tracking

The fully articulated hand tracking system represents one of HoloLens 2's most significant advancements:

  • Recognition of both hands simultaneously
  • Tracking of all 25 joints per hand
  • Natural gesture recognition (grab, pinch, touch)
  • Direct manipulation of holographic content
  • No controllers or markers required
  • Works in various lighting conditions

The hand tracking system uses both depth and visible light camera data, processed by the HPU 2.0, to achieve latency under 10 milliseconds.

Inertial Measurement

High-frequency IMUs (accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer) provide 1000Hz rotation and position data, enabling smooth tracking even during rapid head movements.

Input Methods

Gaze and Dwell

The eye tracking system enables gaze-based selection where users look at a target and dwell (hold gaze) to select. This complements the hand tracking system for situations where hand input may not be convenient.

Articulated Hand Gestures

Unlike the limited air-tap and bloom gestures of HoloLens 1, the second generation supports natural hand interactions:

  • Grab: Close hand to grasp holographic objects
  • Pinch: Touch thumb and index finger to select
  • Poke: Touch holographic buttons directly
  • Manipulation: Move, rotate, and resize holograms with both hands
  • Scroll: Swipe through content naturally

Voice Commands

Cortana integration and voice recognition enable hands-free operation:

  • System-level commands ("Select", "Go back", "Start")
  • Application-specific voice controls
  • Dictation for text input
  • Natural language processing for queries

Virtual Keyboard

A holographic keyboard appears when text input is required, supporting both hunt-and-peck finger input and gaze-based selection.

Audio System

Spatial Audio Speakers

Built-in speakers positioned near the ears deliver spatial audio without covering the ear canal, allowing users to hear both holographic audio and environmental sounds simultaneously. The audio system supports:

  • 3D positional audio tied to hologram locations
  • Head-related transfer function (HRTF) processing
  • Environmental audio passthrough

Microphone Array

A 5-channel microphone array enables:

  • Clear voice command recognition
  • Noise cancellation for calls
  • Spatial audio capture
  • Voice-based identity verification

Audio Jack

A 3.5mm audio jack accommodates headphones for private listening in noisy environments or when enhanced audio quality is required.

Connectivity

Wireless

  • Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac 2×2) for high-bandwidth data transfer and cloud services
  • Bluetooth 5.0 for accessory connectivity

USB Type-C

The USB Type-C port supports:

  • Device charging
  • Data transfer
  • Connection to desktop applications
  • Ethernet adapter connectivity

Power and Battery

Battery Life

The internal battery provides 2-3 hours of active use depending on workload intensity. The improved thermal design allows extended sessions without the overheating issues that affected the original HoloLens.

Charging

The device charges via USB Type-C, reaching full charge in approximately 2 hours. The HoloLens 2 supports charging while in use for all-day deployment scenarios.

Software Platform

Windows Holographic

HoloLens 2 runs Windows Holographic, a specialized version of Windows optimized for mixed reality:

  • Universal Windows Platform (UWP) application support
  • Azure Active Directory integration
  • Mobile Device Management (MDM) compatibility
  • Windows Update deployment

Development Platforms

Developers can create HoloLens 2 applications using:

  • Unity: Most popular development environment
  • Unreal Engine: High-fidelity graphics support
  • MRTK (Mixed Reality Toolkit): Microsoft's open-source UX framework
  • OpenXR: Cross-platform VR/AR standard
  • Web technologies: WebXR for browser-based experiences

Azure Services Integration

Deep integration with Microsoft Azure expands HoloLens 2 capabilities:

  • Azure Spatial Anchors: Persistent world-scale positioning
  • Azure Remote Rendering: Stream high-quality 3D content from the cloud
  • Azure Object Anchors: Align holograms to physical objects
  • Dynamics 365 Remote Assist: Enterprise remote collaboration
  • Dynamics 365 Guides: Interactive work instructions

Enterprise Applications

Manufacturing

  • Assembly guidance with step-by-step holographic instructions
  • Quality inspection with AR-assisted measurement
  • Training simulations for complex procedures
  • Remote expert support for troubleshooting

Healthcare

  • Surgical planning and navigation
  • Medical education with 3D anatomy visualization
  • Remote consultation during procedures
  • Physical therapy guidance

Architecture and Construction

  • BIM model visualization at full scale
  • On-site construction verification
  • Design review with stakeholders
  • Clash detection in physical space

Field Service

  • Remote assistance with live video and annotations
  • Equipment maintenance with overlaid instructions
  • Parts identification and inventory
  • Knowledge capture and transfer

Versions and Pricing

Version Price Features
HoloLens 2 $3,500 Standard device for enterprise deployment
HoloLens 2 Development Edition $5,199 Includes $500 Azure credits, 3-month trials
HoloLens 2 Industrial Edition $4,950 Clean room and hazardous environment certified

Technical Specifications Summary

Specification Details
Display MEMS laser scanning waveguide
Resolution 2048 × 1080 per eye
Field of View 52° diagonal (43° H × 29° V)
Pixel Density 47 PPD
Refresh Rate 60Hz
Processor Snapdragon 850 + HPU 2.0
Memory 4GB LPDDR4x
Storage 64GB UFS 2.1
Eye Tracking Yes
Hand Tracking Full articulated (25 joints/hand)
Voice Input Yes (Cortana)
Audio Built-in spatial speakers
Battery Life 2-3 hours
Weight 566g
Connectivity Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth 5.0, USB-C
Price $3,500+

See Also

References

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