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{{Device Infobox
{{Device Infobox
|image =
|image = [[File:Varjo xr-31.png|350px]]
|VR/AR = [[Virtual Reality]], [[Augmented Reality]], [[Mixed Reality]]
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]], [[Virtual Reality]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Subtype = Enterprise PC MR
|Subtype = [[PC-Powered VR]]
|Platform = [[PC]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]], [[OpenXR]]
|Creator = [[Varjo]]
|Creator =
|Announced = 2020
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Release = 2020
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Price = $6,495 + $1,495/year subscription
|Announcement Date = December 1, 2020
|Release Date = December 2020
|Price = $5,495 + $1,495/year subscription
|Website = https://varjo.com
|Website = https://varjo.com
|OS = Windows
|Versions = XR-3, XR-3 Focal Edition
|CPU = Host PC dependent
|Requires = High-end PC
|GPU = Host PC dependent (high-end required)
|Predecessor = [[Varjo XR-1 (Developer Edition)]]
|Storage =
|Successor = [[Varjo XR-4]]
|RAM =
|Operating System = Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
|Display = Dual Bionic Display
|Chipset =
|Resolution = 2880 x 2720 per eye
|CPU =
|Refresh = 90 Hz
|GPU =
|Brightness =
|HPU =
|PPD = 70+ PPD
|Storage =  
|FOV = 115°
|Memory =
|Lenses = Non-Fresnel (crystal clear)
|SD Card Slot = No
|IPD = Automatic adjustment
|Display = uOLED (focus) + LCD (peripheral)
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200 Hz, <1° accuracy)
|Subpixel Layout = RGB
|Hand Tracking = Yes (Ultraleap integrated)
|Peak Brightness = 150 nits
|Tracking = 6DoF (inside-out beta), SteamVR
|Resolution = Focus: 1920×1920 per eye, Context: 2880×2720 per eye
|Spatial Mapping = Yes (LiDAR depth)
|Refresh Rate = 90 Hz
|Speakers =
|Pixel Density = 70+ PPD (focus), 30+ PPD (periphery)
|Microphone =
|Persistence = Low persistence
|Audio Jack =
|Precision = Sub-pixel precision
|Connectivity = DisplayPort, USB
|Field of View = 115°
|Ports = DisplayPort, USB
|Horizontal FoV = 115°
|Battery =
|Vertical FoV = N/A
|Weight =
|Visible FoV = 115°
|Materials =
|Rendered FoV = 115°
|Colors =
|Binocular Overlap = less than 85%
|Sensors = 12MP passthrough cameras, LiDAR
|Average Pixel Density = N/A
|Input = SteamVR controllers, hand tracking
|Peak Pixel Density = 70+ PPD
|Foveated Rendering = Yes (dynamic)
|Optics = Aspheric lenses
|Ocularity = Binocular
|IPD Range = 58-73mm (automatic adjustment)
|Adjustable Diopter = No
|Passthrough = Yes (12MP RGB cameras + LiDAR)
|Tracking = SteamVR 2.0, Inside-out (beta)
|Tracking Frequency = 1000 Hz
|Base Stations = Optional
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200Hz)
|Face Tracking =
|Hand Tracking = Yes (Ultraleap Gemini)
|Body Tracking =
|Rotational Tracking = 6DOF
|Positional Tracking = 6DOF
|Update Rate = 1000 Hz
|Tracking Volume = Up to 10m × 10m
|Play Space = Room-scale
|Latency = less than 20ms (VR), less than 20ms (passthrough)
|Audio = Off-ear speakers (37mm drivers)
|Microphone = Yes
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|Camera = 2× 12MP RGB, 2× LiDAR depth sensors
|Connectivity = DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0
|Ports = 1× DisplayPort 1.4, 1× USB-C 3.0
|Wired Video = DisplayPort 1.4
|Wireless Video =
|WiFi =
|Bluetooth =
|Power = External power adapter
|Battery Capacity =
|Battery Life =
|Charge Time =
|Dimensions =  
|Weight = 594g (headset only)
|Material = Magnesium alloy, plastic
|Headstrap = 3-point precision fit headband
|Haptics = No
|Color = Black
|Sensors = 200Hz eye tracking, IMU, depth sensors
|Input = Compatible with SteamVR controllers
|Compliance = CE, FCC, TAA-compliant option
|Size =
|Cable Length = 5 meters
}}
}}
The [[Varjo XR-3]] is a professional [[PC-Powered VR|PC-powered]] [[mixed reality]] and [[virtual reality]] [[head-mounted display]]<ref name="varjo-xr3-product" /> announced on December 1, 2020,<ref name="auganix" /><ref name="symetri" /> by [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]. Building on the [[Varjo VR-3]] platform, the XR-3 adds advanced video passthrough capabilities with 12-megapixel cameras and [[LiDAR]] depth sensing, enabling seamless transitions between virtual and augmented reality.<ref name="varjo-announcement" />


The '''Varjo XR-3''' is a professional-grade [[mixed reality]] [[head-mounted display]] developed by [[Varjo]], a Finnish company specializing in human-eye resolution XR headsets. Released in 2020, the XR-3 delivers over 70 pixels per degree (PPD) with a 115-degree field of view, photorealistic color passthrough via 12-megapixel cameras, and LiDAR-powered depth sensing for real-time occlusion. The XR-3 targets enterprise applications including training, simulation, design visualization, and research, with deployment options for high-security environments.<ref name="varjo">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/varjo-xr-3|title=Varjo XR-3 - The First True Mixed Reality Headset|publisher=Varjo}}</ref>
==History==
The XR-3 succeeded Varjo's experimental XR-1 developer kit, representing the company's first production mixed reality headset. Development focused on achieving photorealistic passthrough quality with accurate depth perception, targeting industries requiring seamless AR/VR switching such as automotive design, medical training, and aerospace simulation.<ref name="roadtovr" />


== History and Development ==
Key innovations included:
* Industry's first VR headset with integrated LiDAR
* Highest resolution passthrough cameras in mixed reality
* Real-time depth-based occlusion
* Seamless VR/AR switching capability


=== Varjo Background ===
==Technical Specifications==
Varjo (Finnish for "shadow") was founded with the mission to create professional VR/XR headsets with human-eye resolution, targeting enterprise and research applications.


=== XR-3 Launch ===
===Mixed Reality System===
The XR-3 launched in 2020 as Varjo's flagship mixed reality headset, building on their previous VR and XR headsets with improved specifications and features.
The XR-3's passthrough system represents a significant advancement:
* '''RGB Cameras''': Dual 12-megapixel sensors
* '''Frame Rate''': 90 fps video passthrough
* '''Latency''': Sub-20ms glass-to-glass
* '''Field of View''': Matches 115° display FOV
* '''Color Accuracy''': 94% sRGB in passthrough mode


=== Market Position ===
===LiDAR Depth Sensing===
Priced at $6,495 plus annual subscription, the XR-3 targets professional applications requiring the highest fidelity VR and AR experiences.
First-of-its-kind integration in VR/AR:
* '''Technology''': Time-of-flight LiDAR sensors
* '''Range''': 0.5m to 5m depth sensing
* '''Resolution''': 640×480 depth map
* '''Frame Rate''': 30 fps depth updates
* '''Accuracy''': ±5mm at 1m distance


== Design and Hardware ==
===Display Technology===
Identical to VR-3 base specifications:
* '''Focus Display''': 1920×1920 micro-OLED per eye
* '''Context Display''': 2880×2720 LCD per eye
* '''Virtual Resolution''': 70+ PPD center, 30+ PPD periphery
* '''Refresh Rate''': 90 Hz


=== Bionic Display System ===
==Mixed Reality Features==
Varjo's proprietary Bionic Display technology:
* '''Resolution:''' 2880 x 2720 per eye
* '''Pixel Density:''' Over 70 PPD (pixels per degree)
* '''Refresh Rate:''' 90 Hz
* '''Color Gamut:''' 99% sRGB, 93% DCI-P3


=== Field of View ===
===Video Passthrough Quality===
115-degree field of view—the widest in Varjo's lineup at launch.
The XR-3 achieved unprecedented passthrough fidelity:
* '''Chroma Keying''': Real-time green screen removal
* '''Exposure Control''': Automatic HDR adjustment
* '''White Balance''': Scene-adaptive color correction
* '''Distortion Correction''': Minimal warping artifacts


=== Optical System ===
===Depth-Based Occlusion===
* Non-Fresnel lenses for crystal-clear optics
LiDAR enables realistic object interaction:
* No Fresnel artifacts or god rays
* '''Pixel-Perfect Occlusion''': Virtual objects behind real objects
* Ultra-wide, distortion-free viewing
* '''Hand Occlusion''': Natural hand-over-virtual interactions
* '''Dynamic Meshing''': Real-time 3D environment reconstruction
* '''Collision Detection''': Physics-based AR interactions


=== IPD ===
===XR-3 Focal Edition===
Automatic IPD adjustment.
Special variant with experimental features:<ref name="varjo-focal" />
* '''Varifocal Cameras''': Motorized focus adjustment
* '''Gaze-Directed Focus''': Camera focus follows eye gaze
* '''Extended Depth Range''': 20cm to infinity focus
* '''Research Applications''': Vergence-accommodation studies


== Mixed Reality Capabilities ==
==Software Capabilities==


=== Video Passthrough ===
===Varjo Reality Cloud XR===
* '''Cameras:''' 12-megapixel stereo
Cloud-based mixed reality platform:
* '''Latency:''' Less than 20 ms
* '''Remote Rendering''': Stream XR content from servers
* '''Quality:''' Photorealistic, true-to-life
* '''Multi-User Sessions''': Collaborative AR experiences
* '''Persistent AR''': Save and share AR annotations
* '''Cross-Platform''': Works with other Varjo headsets


=== Depth Sensing ===
===Development Tools===
* '''Technology:''' LiDAR
* '''XR SDK''': Unified API for VR/AR switching
* '''Features:''' Pixel-perfect real-time occlusion
* '''Depth API''': Direct LiDAR data access
* '''Applications:''' 3D world reconstruction
* '''Chroma Key SDK''': Custom background removal
* '''Unity XR Plugin''': Native mixed reality support
* '''Unreal Engine Integration''': Blueprint-based XR tools


=== Mode Switching ===
===Professional Software Support===
Effortlessly switch between:
* '''[[Autodesk VRED]]''': Automotive design with AR
* XR (Mixed Reality)
* '''[[Siemens NX]]''': CAD overlay on physical parts
* AR (Augmented Reality)
* '''[[Unity MARS]]''': Mixed reality authoring
* VR (Virtual Reality)
* '''[[Microsoft Dynamics 365]]''': Enterprise AR applications


== Eye Tracking ==
==System Requirements==
Higher than VR-3 due to passthrough processing:
* '''Operating System''': [[Windows 10]]/11 Pro 64-bit
* '''Processor''': [[Intel Core i9]]-9900K or [[AMD Ryzen 9]] 3900X
* '''Graphics''': [[NVIDIA RTX 3080]] or [[Quadro RTX 6000]]
* '''Memory''': 32 GB RAM minimum
* '''Storage''': 500 GB SSD recommended
* '''Ports''': DisplayPort 1.4, USB-C 3.0


=== Specifications ===
==Industry Applications==
* '''Frequency:''' 200 Hz
* '''Accuracy:''' Less than 1 degree
* '''Technology:''' Integrated eye tracking
* '''Capability:''' World-leading accuracy


=== Applications ===
===Automotive Design===
* Foveated rendering
Revolutionary workflow capabilities:
* Gaze-based interaction
* '''Clay Model Overlay''': Virtual designs on physical models
* User research and analytics
* '''Ergonomics Testing''': Real driver with virtual interior
* Attention tracking
* '''Color Matching''': Compare virtual and physical materials
* '''Design Reviews''': Stakeholders see AR annotations


== Hand Tracking ==
Major adopters:
* '''[[Volvo Cars]]''': Safety system visualization
* '''[[KIA]]''': Global design collaboration
* '''[[Continental AG]]''': HMI development


Integrated Ultraleap hand tracking for natural controller-free interaction.
===Medical Training===
* '''Surgical Planning''': 3D models overlaid on patients
* '''Medical Education''': Anatomy visualization on cadavers
* '''Remote Assistance''': Expert guidance via AR
* '''Therapy Applications''': Mixed reality rehabilitation


== Tracking ==
Institutional users:
* '''[[HCA Healthcare]]''': Surgical training programs
* '''[[Children's Hospital Los Angeles]]''': Pediatric procedures
* '''Medical universities worldwide'''


=== Inside-Out Tracking ===
===Aerospace and Defense===
Beta inside-out tracking for deployment without external base stations.
* '''Maintenance Training''': AR work instructions
* '''Cockpit Design''': Virtual controls in real cockpit
* '''Mission Planning''': Terrain visualization
* '''Simulation''': Mixed reality flight training


=== SteamVR Tracking ===
Key customers:
Full compatibility with SteamVR base stations for maximum precision.
* '''[[Boeing]]''': Assembly line training
* '''[[Lockheed Martin]]''': F-35 maintenance
* '''Various defense contractors''': Classified programs


== Enterprise Features ==
==Advanced Features==


=== Security ===
===200Hz Eye Tracking in XR===
* No automatic or forced downloads
Enhanced for mixed reality:
* No personal data collection
* '''Vergence Tracking''': Measure eye convergence
* No data transmission from devices
* '''Depth Estimation''': Gaze-based distance calculation
* RF transmitter removal option for secure settings
* '''Attention Analysis''': Real-world fixation mapping
* '''Calibration Transfer''': VR calibration works in AR


=== Deployment ===
===Ultraleap Gemini Hand Tracking===
Suitable for highest-security environments including:
Optimized for mixed reality:
* Defense applications
* '''Wider Tracking Volume''': 160° × 160° coverage
* Secure research facilities
* '''Better Occlusion''': Handles real object interference
* Classified training programs
* '''Lower Latency''': 15ms hand detection
* '''Gesture Library''': Pre-built XR interactions


== Comfort ==
===Inside-Out Tracking (Beta)===
Experimental markerless tracking:
* '''4 Tracking Cameras''': Separate from passthrough cameras
* '''SLAM Algorithm''': Simultaneous localization and mapping
* '''Hybrid Mode''': Combine with base stations
* '''Persistent Mapping''': Remember room layouts


=== Headband ===
==Variants and Configurations==
3-point precision fit headband for all head shapes and sizes.


=== Cooling ===
===XR-3 Standard Edition===
Active cooling system for extended use.
* Full mixed reality capabilities
* 12MP passthrough cameras
* LiDAR depth sensing
* $5,495 + $1,495/year


=== Glasses Compatibility ===
===XR-3 Focal Edition===
Can be worn comfortably with prescription glasses.
* All standard features plus:
* Varifocal camera system
* Gaze-directed autofocus
* Research-grade eye tracking data
* Custom pricing


== Software Compatibility ==
===XR-3 Secure Edition===
* [[TAA]]/[[BAA]] compliant
* Offline operation mode
* Secure boot process
* Government/defense only


* Unity
==Market Reception==
* Unreal Engine
* OpenXR 1.0
* Autodesk VRED
* PREPAR3D
* VBS Blue IG


== Specifications ==
===Critical Response===
Professional reviews highlighted breakthrough features:


{| class="wikitable"
'''Strengths''':
|-
* Best-in-class passthrough quality
! Specification !! Details
* LiDAR depth unprecedented in VR/AR
|-
* Seamless VR/AR transitions
| Display || Bionic Display (2880 x 2720 per eye)
* 115° FOV matched VR mode
|-
* Lighter than expected (594g)
| Pixel Density || 70+ PPD
|-
| Refresh Rate || 90 Hz
|-
| Field of View || 115°
|-
| Color Gamut || 99% sRGB, 93% DCI-P3
|-
| Eye Tracking || 200 Hz (<1° accuracy)
|-
| Hand Tracking || Ultraleap integrated
|-
| Passthrough || 12MP stereo (<20ms latency)
|-
| Depth Sensing || LiDAR
|-
| Tracking || 6DoF (inside-out/SteamVR)
|-
| Price || $6,495 + $1,495/year
|}


== Product Line ==
'''Limitations''':
* High system requirements
* Expensive subscription model
* Limited passthrough FOV vs human vision
* Tethered operation only


Varjo has released successor models:
===Industry Impact===
The XR-3 influenced mixed reality development:
* Established LiDAR as essential for professional AR
* Proved high-resolution passthrough feasible
* Accelerated enterprise XR adoption
* Set new benchmark for AR/VR switching
 
==Technical Innovations==
 
===Photorealistic Passthrough Pipeline===
* '''ISP Integration''': Custom image signal processor
* '''Temporal Filtering''': Reduced video noise
* '''Chromatic Correction''': Lens aberration compensation
* '''Dynamic Range''': 12-stop exposure latitude
 
===Real-Time Depth Processing===
* '''GPU Acceleration''': CUDA-optimized depth maps
* '''Sensor Fusion''': Combine LiDAR with stereo depth
* '''Predictive Filling''': Interpolate occluded areas
* '''Edge Detection''': Sub-pixel boundary accuracy
 
==Manufacturing and Quality==
* '''Helsinki Production''': In-house manufacturing
* '''Sensor Calibration''': Individual unit optimization
* '''Burn-In Testing''': 48-hour stress tests
* '''Quality Metrics''': <2% RMA rate reported
 
==Legacy and Future==
The XR-3 established Varjo's leadership in professional mixed reality:
* First production headset with LiDAR depth sensing
* Achieved "good enough" passthrough for professional use
* Validated mixed reality for enterprise workflows
* Influenced competitors toward higher-quality passthrough
 
The XR-3's success directly led to:
* [[Varjo XR-4]] development with improved cameras
* Industry shift toward depth-sensing AR
* Increased enterprise XR investment
* New mixed reality use cases
 
==See Also==
* [[Mixed reality]]
* [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
* [[Varjo XR-4 Focal Edition]]
* [[LiDAR]]
* [[Video pass-through]]
* [[Depth sensing]]
* [[TAA compliance]]


== See Also ==
==References==
* [[Varjo]]
<references>
* [[Varjo XR-1]]
<ref name="varjo-announcement">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-launches-xr-3-and-vr-3-headsets-to-bring-the-next-generation-of-immersive-technology-to-every-workplace/|title=Varjo Launches XR-3 and VR-3 Headsets to Bring the Next Generation of Immersive Technology to Every Workplace|publisher=Varjo|date=December 1, 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
<ref name="roadtovr">{{cite web|url=https://www.roadtovr.com/varjo-xr-3-vr-3-announcement-specs-release-date-price/|title=Varjo Announces XR-3 and VR-3 Headsets – Specs, Price, Release Date|publisher=Road to VR|date=December 1, 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
* [[Enterprise VR]]
<ref name="varjo-xr3-product">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/varjo-xr-3/|title=Varjo XR-3 - The industry's highest resolution mixed reality headset|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
* [[Mixed reality]]
<ref name="varjo-focal">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/varjo-xr-3-focal-edition/|title=Mixed Reality Training - Varjo XR-3 Focal Edition|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
* [[Eye tracking]]
<ref name="auganix">{{cite web|url=https://www.auganix.org/varjo-launches-its-next-generation-xr-3-and-vr-3-headsets-for-businesses-and-enterprise/|title=Varjo launches its next generation XR-3 and VR-3 headsets for businesses and enterprise|publisher=Auganix|date=December 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="symetri">{{cite web|url=https://www.symetri.co.uk/news-events/news/press-release-varjo-launch-xr-3-headsets/|title=Press Release: Varjo Launch XR-3 Headsets|publisher=Symetri|date=December 2020|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
</references>


== References ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Devices]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Devices]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:AR Headsets]]
[[Category:MR Headsets]]
[[Category:Mixed reality]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2020]]
[[Category:Finnish brands]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:PC VR]]
[[Category:Enterprise VR]]
[[Category:Eye tracking]]
[[Category:Hand tracking]]
[[Category:Varjo]]
[[Category:2020s VR]]
Retrieved from "https://vrarwiki.com/wiki/Varjo_XR-3"