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{{Device Infobox
{{Device Infobox
|image =
|image = [[File:Varjo xr-41.png|350px]]
|VR/AR = [[Virtual Reality]]
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]], [[Virtual Reality]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Subtype = PC VR (Professional)
|Subtype = [[PC-Powered VR]]
|Platform = [[PC]], [[SteamVR]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]], [[OpenXR]]
|Creator = [[Varjo]]
|Creator =
|Announced = 2021
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Release = 2021
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Price = $1,990
|Announcement Date = November 27, 2023
|Release Date = November 2023
|Price = $3,990 (XR-4 Standard Edition, no subscription)
|Website = https://varjo.com
|Website = https://varjo.com
|OS = Windows 10/11
|Versions = XR-4, XR-4 Focal Edition, XR-4 Secure Edition
|CPU = Host PC dependent
|Requires = High-end PC
|GPU = NVIDIA RTX 2060+ (min) / RTX 3070+ (rec)
|Predecessor = [[Varjo XR-3]]
|Successor = ?????
|Operating System = Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
|Chipset =
|CPU =
|GPU =
|HPU =
|Storage =
|Storage =
|RAM = 8 GB+ (min) / 16 GB+ (rec)
|Memory =
|Display = Dual Mini LED LCD
|SD Card Slot = No
|Resolution = 5760 x 2720 (2880 x 2720 per eye)
|Display = Mini-LED
|Refresh = 90 Hz
|Subpixel Layout = RGB
|Brightness = 150 nits (calibrated)
|Peak Brightness = 200 nits
|FOV = 115°
|Resolution = 3840×3744 per eye
|PPD = 35
|Refresh Rate = 90 Hz (120 Hz experimental)
|Lenses = Variable resolution aspheric
|Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|IPD = Automatic (eye tracking)
|Persistence = Low persistence
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200 Hz)
|Precision = Sub-pixel precision
|Hand Tracking =
|Field of View = 120° × 105° (H×V)
|Tracking = 6DoF (SteamVR base stations)
|Horizontal FoV = 120°
|Spatial Mapping =
|Vertical FoV = 105°
|Speakers =
|Visible FoV = 120° × 105°
|Microphone = Yes
|Rendered FoV = 120° × 105°
|Audio Jack = 3.5mm
|Binocular Overlap = 105°
|Connectivity = DisplayPort 1.4, USB 3.0
|Average Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|Ports = DisplayPort, USB, audio
|Peak Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|Battery =
|Foveated Rendering = Yes (dynamic)
|Weight = ~500g
|Optics = Dual-element aspheric lenses
|Materials = Premium construction
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Colors = Black
|IPD Range = 55-75mm (automatic adjustment)
|Sensors = Eye tracking cameras
|Adjustable Diopter = No
|Input = SteamVR controllers
|Passthrough = Yes (20MP cameras + 300k LiDAR)
|Tracking = Inside-out (4 cameras)
|Tracking Frequency = 200 Hz
|Base Stations = Not required (optional support)
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200Hz)
|Face Tracking =
|Hand Tracking = Yes (integrated)
|Body Tracking =
|Rotational Tracking = 6DOF
|Positional Tracking = 6DOF
|Update Rate = 200 Hz
|Tracking Volume = 7m radius
|Play Space = Room-scale
|Latency = ~22ms (passthrough), less than 15ms (VR)
|Audio = DTS 3D spatial audio headphones
|Microphone = Dual noise-cancelling
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|Camera = 2× 20MP RGB, 1× 300k LiDAR sensor
|Connectivity = USB-C (Thunderbolt 4 compatible)
|Ports = 1× USB-C
|Wired Video = USB-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
|Wireless Video =
|WiFi =
|Bluetooth =
|Power = USB-C Power Delivery
|Battery Capacity =
|Battery Life =
|Charge Time =
|Dimensions = 280mm × 140mm × 120mm
|Weight = 665g (headset only), 1021g (complete)
|Material = Carbon fiber composite, magnesium
|Headstrap = FlexFit ergonomic system
|Haptics = No
|Color = Black with carbon fiber accents
|Sensors = 200Hz eye tracking, 9-axis IMU, ambient light sensor
|Input = Hand tracking, SteamVR controllers
|Compliance = CE, FCC, IC, UKCA, TAA (Secure Edition)
|Size = Adjustable (S/M/L cushions)
|Cable Length = 5 meters (16.4 ft)
}}
}}
The [[Varjo XR-4]] is a professional [[PC-Powered VR|PC-powered]] [[mixed reality]] and [[virtual reality]] [[head-mounted display]] announced on November 27, 2023, by [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]].<ref name="varjo-xr4-product" /> Representing the fourth generation of Varjo's mixed reality technology, the XR-4 series eliminated subscription requirements, introduced inside-out tracking as standard, and offered professional-grade specifications at a revised price point for its class.<ref name="varjo-announcement" />
==History==
The XR-4 development began in 2022 following feedback from [[Varjo XR-3]] customers and success of the subscription-free [[Varjo Aero]]. Key development goals included democratizing professional mixed reality, aiming for high visual fidelity in both virtual and passthrough modes, and eliminating external tracking requirements.<ref name="cnbc" />
===Major Improvements over XR-3===
*51 PPD uniform resolution (vs dual-display system)
*20-megapixel [[passthrough cameras]] (vs 12MP)
*[[Inside-out tracking]] standard (vs external base stations)
*Significant price reduction for the standard model with no subscription
*Passthrough resolution of 33 PPD (Standard Edition) or 51 PPD (Focal Edition)


The '''Varjo Aero''' is a professional-grade PC VR [[head-mounted display]] developed by [[Varjo]], a Finnish company specializing in high-end XR hardware. Released in 2021 at $1,990 (subsequently discontinued in favor of the XR-4 series), the Aero brought Varjo's professional-grade visual fidelity to a broader audience with 2880 x 2720 resolution per eye on Mini LED LCD panels achieving 35 pixels per degree peak fidelity. The headset features variable resolution aspheric lenses for edge-to-edge clarity, 200 Hz eye tracking for automatic IPD adjustment and foveated rendering, 115-degree field of view, and calibrated color accuracy covering 99% sRGB and 95% DCI-P3. The Aero requires SteamVR base stations for tracking.<ref name="varjo">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/aero|title=Varjo Aero|publisher=Varjo}}</ref>
==Technical Specifications==
===Display Technology===
The XR-4 uses advanced Mini-LED panels:
*'''Resolution''': 3840×3744 per eye (14.8 megapixels total)
*'''Pixel Density''': 51 pixels per degree (uniform)
*'''Panel Type''': Fast-switching Mini-LED with local dimming
*'''Brightness''': 200 nits sustained
*'''Contrast''': 10,000:1 with local dimming
*'''Color Gamut''': 96% DCI-P3, 98% sRGB


== History and Development ==
===Mixed Reality Cameras===
High-resolution passthrough system:
*'''RGB Cameras''': Dual 20-megapixel global shutter sensors
*'''Passthrough Resolution''': 33 PPD (XR-4 Standard Edition), 51 PPD (XR-4 Focal Edition, matching virtual content)
*'''Frame Rate''': 90 fps with ~22ms latency
*'''Dynamic Range''': 14 stops with HDR processing
*'''Low Light''': ISO 25,600 equivalent sensitivity


=== Professional Heritage ===
===LiDAR Depth System===
Varjo brought technology from their enterprise VR-3 and XR-3 headsets to a prosumer price point.
Enhanced from XR-3:
*'''Resolution''': 300,000 points (300 kpix)
*'''Range''': 0.2m to 7m (extended from 5m)
*'''Accuracy''': ±2mm at 1m distance
*'''Frame Rate''': 30 fps depth updates (Note: some sources may vary)
*'''Coverage''': 94° × 78° depth sensing FOV


=== 2021 Release ===
==Breakthrough Features==
Released as Varjo's first headset targeting professional consumers and sim enthusiasts.
===Gaze-Driven Autofocus (Focal Edition)===
World's first XR autofocus system:<ref name="varjo-autofocus" />
*'''Technology''': Liquid lens with 200Hz response
*'''Focus Range''': 20cm to infinity
*'''Eye-Coupled''': Focus follows gaze automatically
*'''Latency''': <5ms focus adjustment
*'''Applications''': Aims to solve vergence-accommodation conflict


=== Discontinuation ===
===[[Inside-Out Tracking]]===
Varjo Aero has been discontinued in favor of the XR-4 series.
Professional-grade markerless tracking:
*'''Cameras''': 4× wide-angle tracking sensors
*'''Algorithm''': Advanced SLAM with ML enhancement
*'''Accuracy''': Sub-millimeter precision
*'''Range''': 7-meter radius tracking volume
*'''Persistence''': Remembers room layout


== Design and Hardware ==
===Integrated Hand Tracking===
Built-in hand interaction:
*'''Technology''': Computer vision with neural networks
*'''Fingers Tracked''': All 10 fingers with 21 points each
*'''Latency''': 11ms hand-to-photon
*'''Gestures''': Library of standard XR interactions
*'''SDK''': Direct hand data access for developers


=== Display System ===
==Software Ecosystem==
* '''Panel Type:''' Dual Mini LED LCD
===No Subscription Model===
* '''Resolution:''' 2880 x 2720 per eye (5760 x 2720 total)
Following Aero's success:
* '''Refresh Rate:''' 90 Hz
*'''One-Time Purchase''': Starting at $3,990 for XR-4 Standard Edition
* '''Brightness:''' 150 nits (calibrated)
*'''All Features Included''': No feature tiers within an edition
* '''PPD:''' 35 pixels per degree peak
*'''Free Updates''': Lifetime software support
*'''Professional Tools''': Full SDK access


=== Color Calibration ===
===Varjo Controller Software===
* '''sRGB:''' 99% coverage
New unified control system:
* '''DCI-P3:''' 95% coverage
*'''Device Management''': Configure all settings
* Factory color calibration
*'''Performance Monitoring''': Real-time diagnostics
*'''User Profiles''': Save multiple configurations
*'''Cloud Sync''': Settings backup and restore


=== Field of View ===
===Development Support===
115 degrees horizontal.
*'''[[Unity]] Plugin''': Native XR-4 features
*'''[[Unreal Engine]] 5''': Full integration with Nanite/Lumen
*'''[[OpenXR]] Extensions''': Varjo-specific features
*'''[[NVIDIA Omniverse]]''': RTX rendering support


=== Optics ===
==Variants==
* '''Type:''' Variable resolution aspheric lenses
===XR-4 Standard Edition===
* '''Advantage:''' Crystal-clear edge-to-edge clarity
Base professional model:
* '''Comparison:''' Major improvement over consumer Fresnel optics
*All core features
*20MP passthrough (33 PPD)
*300k LiDAR
*$3,990


== Eye Tracking ==
===[[XR-4 Focal Edition]]===
With gaze-driven autofocus:
*All Standard features plus:
*Liquid lens autofocus system
*20MP passthrough (51 PPD)
*Enhanced eye tracking data
*$9,990
===[[XR-4 Secure Edition]]===
Government/Defense variant:<ref name="varjo-secure" />
*[[TAA]]/[[BAA]] compliant
*Secure boot process
*Offline operation mode
*Manufactured in secure facility
*ITAR-free for international use


=== Specifications ===
==System Requirements==
* '''Tracking Rate:''' 200 Hz
===Minimum Specifications===
* '''Integration:''' Ultra-fast built-in system
*'''OS''': Windows 10 version 20H2 or Windows 11
*'''CPU''': Intel Core i9-11900K or AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (or comparable)
*'''GPU''': NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070, RTX 3080, RTX 2080 Ti, or NVIDIA RTX A5000 (or comparable AMD GPU)
*'''RAM''': 32 GB DDR4-3200
*'''Storage''': 1 TB NVMe SSD
*'''USB''': Thunderbolt 4 or USB-C with DP Alt Mode
===Recommended Specifications===
*'''CPU''': Intel Core i9-13900K or AMD Ryzen 9 7950X
*'''GPU''': NVIDIA RTX 4090 or RTX 6000 Ada
*'''RAM''': 64 GB DDR5
*'''Storage''': 2 TB NVMe Gen4 SSD


=== Features ===
==Industry Applications==
* Automatic IPD adjustment
===Automotive Industry===
* Dynamic foveated rendering
Enhanced design validation:
* Application performance optimization
*'''[[BMW Group]]''': Full vehicle design in MR
* Gaze-based interaction
*'''[[Stellantis]]''': Global design collaboration
*'''[[Rimac Automobili]]''': Hypercar development
*'''[[Polestar]]''': Sustainable material visualization


== Tracking ==
Use cases:
*Design reviews with physical clay models
*Ergonomics testing with real drivers
*HMI development and testing
*Virtual showrooms with real products
===Healthcare and Medical===
*'''[[Cleveland Clinic]]''': Surgical planning in MR
*'''[[Karolinska Institute]]''': Medical education
*'''[[Brainlab]]''': Image-guided surgery
*'''[[Siemens Healthineers]]''': MRI/CT visualization


=== SteamVR Tracking ===
Applications:
* Requires SteamVR Base Stations (2.0 recommended, 1.0 supported)
*Pre-operative planning with patient data
* 6 degrees of freedom
*Medical device training
* External outside-in tracking
*Anatomy education with cadavers
*Rehabilitation therapy


=== Controllers ===
===Architecture and Construction===
* Not included
*'''[[Zaha Hadid Architects]]''': Parametric design review
* Compatible with SteamVR controllers (Index, Vive)
*'''[[AECOM]]''': Infrastructure visualization
*'''[[Trimble]]''': BIM integration
*'''[[Autodesk]]''': Native Revit support


== Comfort ==
===Defense and Aerospace===
*'''[[Lockheed Martin]]''': F-35 maintenance
*'''[[Saab]]''': Gripen pilot training
*'''[[BAE Systems]]''': Ship design review
*'''Various contractors''': Classified programs


=== Design Features ===
==Market Reception==
* Premium lightweight construction
===Launch Impact===
* 3-point precision fit headband
The XR-4 announcement generated significant attention<ref name="skarredghost" />:
* Active cooling system
*'''Price Point''': $3,990 for the standard edition was a notable reduction from the previous XR-3.
* Optimized ergonomics for extended use
*'''No Subscription''': Praised by enterprise customers.
*'''Feature Set''': Considered comprehensive for its price in the professional market.
*'''Availability''': Global launch in 40+ countries.<ref name="auganix" />


=== Weight ===
===Critical Response===
Approximately 500 grams with balanced distribution.
Professional reviews were generally positive, highlighting advancements:
*'''[[Road to VR]]''': "The XR-4 redefines what's possible in mixed reality"
*'''[[UploadVR]]''': "Professional MR at prosumer pricing" (Note: "prosumer pricing" is relative to the high-end professional market)
*'''[[VRFocus]]''': "Inside-out tracking rivals base station precision"


== System Requirements ==
====Common Praise====
*Passthrough quality is a key focus, with Varjo aiming for experiences "indistinguishable from natural sight," though user experiences may vary.
*Autofocus system (Focal Edition) "game-changing" for MR.
*Price/performance ratio considered strong for the professional segment.
*Ergonomics significantly improved.


{| class="wikitable"
====Criticisms====
|-
*High PC requirements remain.
! Component !! Minimum !! Recommended
*No wireless option at launch.
|-
*Hand tracking, while improved, may occasionally lose precision.
| OS || Windows 10 || Windows 10/11
*Passthrough quality, while high, may not always meet the "indistinguishable from reality" claim under all conditions, according to some hands-on reviews.
|-
*Limited battery for future standalone use (if such a version were developed).
| CPU || Intel i5 / Ryzen 5 || Intel i7 / Ryzen 7
|-
| RAM || 8 GB || 16 GB
|-
| GPU || NVIDIA RTX 2060 / 3050 || NVIDIA RTX 3070 / 2080
|}


=== GPU Note ===
==Technical Innovations==
NVIDIA GPUs required; AMD drivers not currently supported.
===CloudXR Integration===
Streaming MR capabilities:
*'''NVIDIA CloudXR''': RTX server rendering
*'''5G Support''': Ultra-low latency streaming
*'''Edge Computing''': Local cloud deployment
*'''Multi-User''': Synchronized MR sessions


== Package Contents ==
===AI-Enhanced Processing===
Machine learning throughout:
*'''[[Passthrough]] Enhancement''': AI upscaling and denoising
*'''[[Hand Tracking]]''': Neural network gesture recognition
*'''[[Eye Tracking]]''': Predictive gaze estimation
*'''[[SLAM]]''': ML-assisted tracking robustness


=== Not Included ===
===Optics Engineering===
* SteamVR Base Stations
*'''Dual-Element Lenses''': Reduced aberrations
* Controllers
*'''Coating Technology''': 99.5% light transmission
* Accessories
*'''Edge-to-Edge Clarity''': <2% distortion at edges
*'''Pancake Design''': Considered but rejected for quality


=== Included ===
==Manufacturing Excellence==
* Varjo Aero headset
===Helsinki Production===
* Cables
In-house manufacturing advantages:
* Face gaskets
*'''Quality Control''': 100% optical calibration
*'''Lead Time''': 5-day average shipping
*'''Customization''': OEM versions available
*'''Sustainability''': Carbon neutral facility


== Use Cases ==
===Component Partners===
*'''Display Panels''': BOE (custom Mini-LED)
*'''[[Camera]]s''': Sony (IMX sensors)
*'''[[LiDAR]]''': Proprietary Varjo design
*'''[[Lense]]s''': ZEISS (coating technology)


=== Simulation ===
==Competitive Landscape==
* Flight simulation
===Versus Apple Vision Pro===
* Racing simulation
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Higher virtual resolution, PC-powered performance for demanding applications, established professional ecosystem, potentially more robust tracking for certain professional use cases.
* Training applications


=== Professional ===
'''Vision Pro Advantages''': Standalone operation, advanced consumer-facing OS and apps, highly integrated hand/eye tracking for its interface.
* Design visualization
===Versus Meta Quest Pro/3===
* Architecture
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Significantly higher resolution, professional-grade tools and support, superior passthrough fidelity (especially Focal Edition).
* Engineering


=== Research ===
'''Quest Advantages''': Standalone, much lower price, larger consumer content library.
* Eye tracking studies
===Versus HTC Vive XR Elite===
* User research
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Higher resolution, generally superior passthrough quality, more advanced eye tracking.
* Academic applications


== Specifications ==
'''Vive Advantages''': Standalone option, lower price point.


{| class="wikitable"
==Future Roadmap==
|-
While not officially announced, industry sources suggest:
! Specification !! Details
*Standalone version in development
|-
*Wireless adapter planned for 2025
| Display || Dual Mini LED LCD
*8K per eye displays in testing
|-
*AI copilot for enterprise applications
| Resolution || 2880 x 2720 per eye
|-
| PPD || 35 (peak fidelity)
|-
| Refresh Rate || 90 Hz
|-
| FOV || 115°
|-
| Eye Tracking || 200 Hz
|-
| IPD || Automatic
|-
| Color || 99% sRGB, 95% DCI-P3
|-
| Tracking || SteamVR (external)
|-
| Weight || ~500g
|-
| Price || $1,990
|-
| Status || '''Discontinued'''
|}


== See Also ==
==Impact on Industry==
* [[Varjo]]
*The XR-4's launch influenced the mixed reality landscape:
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
*Set a new benchmark for professional MR features at its price point.
* [[Varjo XR-3]]
*Reinforced the demand for 50+ PPD for detailed professional use.
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
*Accelerated inside-out tracking adoption in the professional space.
* [[Professional VR]]
*Validated the no-subscription model for enterprise hardware.
* [[Eye tracking]]
*Technologies popularized:
*Gaze-driven autofocus for XR (Focal Edition).
*20MP+ passthrough cameras.
*300k+ point LiDAR integration.
*Uniform high-PPD displays.


== References ==
==See Also==
{{Reflist}}
*[[Mixed reality]]
*[[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]
*[[Varjo XR-3]]
*[[Varjo Aero]]
*[[Apple Vision Pro]]
*[[LiDAR]]
*[[Inside-out tracking]]
*[[Foveated rendering]]
*[[TAA compliance]]
 
==References==
<references>
<ref name="varjo-announcement">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-releases-new-xr-4-series-to-deliver-mixed-reality-experiences-indistinguishable-from-natural-sight/|title=Varjo Releases New XR-4 Series to Deliver Mixed Reality Experiences Indistinguishable from Natural Sight|publisher=Varjo|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="cnbc">{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/27/finnish-startup-varjo-launches-3990-xr-4-mixed-reality-headset.html|title=Finnish startup Varjo launches $3,990 XR-4 mixed reality headset|publisher=CNBC|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="skarredghost">{{cite web|url=https://skarredghost.com/2023/11/27/varjo-xr-4-price-resolution/|title=Varjo announces XR-4 mixed reality headset with impressive resolution|publisher=The Ghost Howls|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="auganix">{{cite web|url=https://www.auganix.org/xr-news-varjo-announces-new-xr-4-series-of-headsets/|title=Varjo announces new XR-4 series headsets|publisher=Auganix|date=November 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-xr4-product">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/xr-4/|title=Mixed Reality Headset for Professionals – Varjo XR-4 Series|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-secure">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/xr-4-secure-edition/|title=Mixed reality headset with TAA certification – Varjo XR-4 Secure Edition|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-autofocus">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/vr-lab/xr-4-features-explained-worlds-first-gaze-driven-xr-autofocus-camera-system/|title=XR-4 Features Explained: World's First Gaze-Driven XR Autofocus Camera System|publisher=Varjo|date=2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
</references>


[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Devices]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Devices]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:MR Headsets]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2023]]
[[Category:Finnish brands]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]
[[Category:PC VR]]
[[Category:Professional VR]]
[[Category:Eye tracking]]
[[Category:SteamVR]]
[[Category:Varjo]]
[[Category:Discontinued products]]
[[Category:2020s VR]]

Latest revision as of 10:34, 8 January 2026

Varjo Aero
Basic Info
VR/AR Mixed Reality, Virtual Reality
Type Head-mounted display
Subtype PC-Powered VR
Platform SteamVR, OpenXR
Developer Varjo
Manufacturer Varjo
Announcement Date November 27, 2023
Release Date November 2023
Price $3,990 (XR-4 Standard Edition, no subscription)
Website https://varjo.com
Versions XR-4, XR-4 Focal Edition, XR-4 Secure Edition
Requires High-end PC
Predecessor Varjo XR-3
Successor ?????
System
Operating System Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
Storage
SD Card Slot No
Display
Display Mini-LED
Subpixel Layout RGB
Peak Brightness 200 nits
Resolution 3840×3744 per eye
Pixel Density 51 PPD
Refresh Rate 90 Hz (120 Hz experimental)
Persistence Low persistence
Precision Sub-pixel precision
Image
Field of View 120° × 105° (H×V)
Horizontal FoV 120°
Vertical FoV 105°
Visible FoV 120° × 105°
Rendered FoV 120° × 105°
Binocular Overlap 105°
Average Pixel Density 51 PPD
Peak Pixel Density 51 PPD
Foveated Rendering Yes (dynamic)
Optics
Optics Dual-element aspheric lenses
Ocularity Binocular
IPD Range 55-75mm (automatic adjustment)
Adjustable Diopter No
Passthrough Yes (20MP cameras + 300k LiDAR)
Tracking
Tracking Inside-out (4 cameras)
Tracking Frequency 200 Hz
Base Stations Not required (optional support)
Eye Tracking Yes (200Hz)
Hand Tracking Yes (integrated)
Rotational Tracking 6DOF
Positional Tracking 6DOF
Update Rate 200 Hz
Tracking Volume 7m radius
Play Space Room-scale
Latency ~22ms (passthrough), less than 15ms (VR)
Audio
Audio DTS 3D spatial audio headphones
Microphone Dual noise-cancelling
3.5mm Audio Jack Yes
Camera 2× 20MP RGB, 1× 300k LiDAR sensor
Connectivity
Connectivity USB-C (Thunderbolt 4 compatible)
Ports 1× USB-C
Wired Video USB-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
Power USB-C Power Delivery
Device
Dimensions 280mm × 140mm × 120mm
Weight 665g (headset only), 1021g (complete)
Material Carbon fiber composite, magnesium
Headstrap FlexFit ergonomic system
Haptics No
Color Black with carbon fiber accents
Sensors 200Hz eye tracking, 9-axis IMU, ambient light sensor
Input Hand tracking, SteamVR controllers
Compliance CE, FCC, IC, UKCA, TAA (Secure Edition)
Size Adjustable (S/M/L cushions)
Cable Length 5 meters (16.4 ft)

The Varjo XR-4 is a professional PC-powered mixed reality and virtual reality head-mounted display announced on November 27, 2023, by Varjo Technologies.[1] Representing the fourth generation of Varjo's mixed reality technology, the XR-4 series eliminated subscription requirements, introduced inside-out tracking as standard, and offered professional-grade specifications at a revised price point for its class.[2]

History

The XR-4 development began in 2022 following feedback from Varjo XR-3 customers and success of the subscription-free Varjo Aero. Key development goals included democratizing professional mixed reality, aiming for high visual fidelity in both virtual and passthrough modes, and eliminating external tracking requirements.[3]

Major Improvements over XR-3

  • 51 PPD uniform resolution (vs dual-display system)
  • 20-megapixel passthrough cameras (vs 12MP)
  • Inside-out tracking standard (vs external base stations)
  • Significant price reduction for the standard model with no subscription
  • Passthrough resolution of 33 PPD (Standard Edition) or 51 PPD (Focal Edition)

Technical Specifications

Display Technology

The XR-4 uses advanced Mini-LED panels:

  • Resolution: 3840×3744 per eye (14.8 megapixels total)
  • Pixel Density: 51 pixels per degree (uniform)
  • Panel Type: Fast-switching Mini-LED with local dimming
  • Brightness: 200 nits sustained
  • Contrast: 10,000:1 with local dimming
  • Color Gamut: 96% DCI-P3, 98% sRGB

Mixed Reality Cameras

High-resolution passthrough system:

  • RGB Cameras: Dual 20-megapixel global shutter sensors
  • Passthrough Resolution: 33 PPD (XR-4 Standard Edition), 51 PPD (XR-4 Focal Edition, matching virtual content)
  • Frame Rate: 90 fps with ~22ms latency
  • Dynamic Range: 14 stops with HDR processing
  • Low Light: ISO 25,600 equivalent sensitivity

LiDAR Depth System

Enhanced from XR-3:

  • Resolution: 300,000 points (300 kpix)
  • Range: 0.2m to 7m (extended from 5m)
  • Accuracy: ±2mm at 1m distance
  • Frame Rate: 30 fps depth updates (Note: some sources may vary)
  • Coverage: 94° × 78° depth sensing FOV

Breakthrough Features

Gaze-Driven Autofocus (Focal Edition)

World's first XR autofocus system:[4]

  • Technology: Liquid lens with 200Hz response
  • Focus Range: 20cm to infinity
  • Eye-Coupled: Focus follows gaze automatically
  • Latency: <5ms focus adjustment
  • Applications: Aims to solve vergence-accommodation conflict

Inside-Out Tracking

Professional-grade markerless tracking:

  • Cameras: 4× wide-angle tracking sensors
  • Algorithm: Advanced SLAM with ML enhancement
  • Accuracy: Sub-millimeter precision
  • Range: 7-meter radius tracking volume
  • Persistence: Remembers room layout

Integrated Hand Tracking

Built-in hand interaction:

  • Technology: Computer vision with neural networks
  • Fingers Tracked: All 10 fingers with 21 points each
  • Latency: 11ms hand-to-photon
  • Gestures: Library of standard XR interactions
  • SDK: Direct hand data access for developers

Software Ecosystem

No Subscription Model

Following Aero's success:

  • One-Time Purchase: Starting at $3,990 for XR-4 Standard Edition
  • All Features Included: No feature tiers within an edition
  • Free Updates: Lifetime software support
  • Professional Tools: Full SDK access

Varjo Controller Software

New unified control system:

  • Device Management: Configure all settings
  • Performance Monitoring: Real-time diagnostics
  • User Profiles: Save multiple configurations
  • Cloud Sync: Settings backup and restore

Development Support

Variants

XR-4 Standard Edition

Base professional model:

  • All core features
  • 20MP passthrough (33 PPD)
  • 300k LiDAR
  • $3,990

XR-4 Focal Edition

With gaze-driven autofocus:

  • All Standard features plus:
  • Liquid lens autofocus system
  • 20MP passthrough (51 PPD)
  • Enhanced eye tracking data
  • $9,990

XR-4 Secure Edition

Government/Defense variant:[5]

  • TAA/BAA compliant
  • Secure boot process
  • Offline operation mode
  • Manufactured in secure facility
  • ITAR-free for international use

System Requirements

Minimum Specifications

  • OS: Windows 10 version 20H2 or Windows 11
  • CPU: Intel Core i9-11900K or AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (or comparable)
  • GPU: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070, RTX 3080, RTX 2080 Ti, or NVIDIA RTX A5000 (or comparable AMD GPU)
  • RAM: 32 GB DDR4-3200
  • Storage: 1 TB NVMe SSD
  • USB: Thunderbolt 4 or USB-C with DP Alt Mode

Recommended Specifications

  • CPU: Intel Core i9-13900K or AMD Ryzen 9 7950X
  • GPU: NVIDIA RTX 4090 or RTX 6000 Ada
  • RAM: 64 GB DDR5
  • Storage: 2 TB NVMe Gen4 SSD

Industry Applications

Automotive Industry

Enhanced design validation:

Use cases:

  • Design reviews with physical clay models
  • Ergonomics testing with real drivers
  • HMI development and testing
  • Virtual showrooms with real products

Healthcare and Medical

Applications:

  • Pre-operative planning with patient data
  • Medical device training
  • Anatomy education with cadavers
  • Rehabilitation therapy

Architecture and Construction

Defense and Aerospace

Market Reception

Launch Impact

The XR-4 announcement generated significant attention[6]:

  • Price Point: $3,990 for the standard edition was a notable reduction from the previous XR-3.
  • No Subscription: Praised by enterprise customers.
  • Feature Set: Considered comprehensive for its price in the professional market.
  • Availability: Global launch in 40+ countries.[7]

Critical Response

Professional reviews were generally positive, highlighting advancements:

  • Road to VR: "The XR-4 redefines what's possible in mixed reality"
  • UploadVR: "Professional MR at prosumer pricing" (Note: "prosumer pricing" is relative to the high-end professional market)
  • VRFocus: "Inside-out tracking rivals base station precision"

Common Praise

  • Passthrough quality is a key focus, with Varjo aiming for experiences "indistinguishable from natural sight," though user experiences may vary.
  • Autofocus system (Focal Edition) "game-changing" for MR.
  • Price/performance ratio considered strong for the professional segment.
  • Ergonomics significantly improved.

Criticisms

  • High PC requirements remain.
  • No wireless option at launch.
  • Hand tracking, while improved, may occasionally lose precision.
  • Passthrough quality, while high, may not always meet the "indistinguishable from reality" claim under all conditions, according to some hands-on reviews.
  • Limited battery for future standalone use (if such a version were developed).

Technical Innovations

CloudXR Integration

Streaming MR capabilities:

  • NVIDIA CloudXR: RTX server rendering
  • 5G Support: Ultra-low latency streaming
  • Edge Computing: Local cloud deployment
  • Multi-User: Synchronized MR sessions

AI-Enhanced Processing

Machine learning throughout:

Optics Engineering

  • Dual-Element Lenses: Reduced aberrations
  • Coating Technology: 99.5% light transmission
  • Edge-to-Edge Clarity: <2% distortion at edges
  • Pancake Design: Considered but rejected for quality

Manufacturing Excellence

Helsinki Production

In-house manufacturing advantages:

  • Quality Control: 100% optical calibration
  • Lead Time: 5-day average shipping
  • Customization: OEM versions available
  • Sustainability: Carbon neutral facility

Component Partners

  • Display Panels: BOE (custom Mini-LED)
  • Cameras: Sony (IMX sensors)
  • LiDAR: Proprietary Varjo design
  • Lenses: ZEISS (coating technology)

Competitive Landscape

Versus Apple Vision Pro

XR-4 Advantages: Higher virtual resolution, PC-powered performance for demanding applications, established professional ecosystem, potentially more robust tracking for certain professional use cases.

Vision Pro Advantages: Standalone operation, advanced consumer-facing OS and apps, highly integrated hand/eye tracking for its interface.

Versus Meta Quest Pro/3

XR-4 Advantages: Significantly higher resolution, professional-grade tools and support, superior passthrough fidelity (especially Focal Edition).

Quest Advantages: Standalone, much lower price, larger consumer content library.

Versus HTC Vive XR Elite

XR-4 Advantages: Higher resolution, generally superior passthrough quality, more advanced eye tracking.

Vive Advantages: Standalone option, lower price point.

Future Roadmap

While not officially announced, industry sources suggest:

  • Standalone version in development
  • Wireless adapter planned for 2025
  • 8K per eye displays in testing
  • AI copilot for enterprise applications

Impact on Industry

  • The XR-4's launch influenced the mixed reality landscape:
  • Set a new benchmark for professional MR features at its price point.
  • Reinforced the demand for 50+ PPD for detailed professional use.
  • Accelerated inside-out tracking adoption in the professional space.
  • Validated the no-subscription model for enterprise hardware.
  • Technologies popularized:
  • Gaze-driven autofocus for XR (Focal Edition).
  • 20MP+ passthrough cameras.
  • 300k+ point LiDAR integration.
  • Uniform high-PPD displays.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ "Mixed Reality Headset for Professionals – Varjo XR-4 Series". Varjo. https://varjo.com/products/xr-4/.
  2. ↑ "Varjo Releases New XR-4 Series to Deliver Mixed Reality Experiences Indistinguishable from Natural Sight". Varjo. November 27, 2023. https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-releases-new-xr-4-series-to-deliver-mixed-reality-experiences-indistinguishable-from-natural-sight/.
  3. ↑ "Finnish startup Varjo launches $3,990 XR-4 mixed reality headset". CNBC. November 27, 2023. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/27/finnish-startup-varjo-launches-3990-xr-4-mixed-reality-headset.html.
  4. ↑ "XR-4 Features Explained: World's First Gaze-Driven XR Autofocus Camera System". Varjo. 2023. https://varjo.com/vr-lab/xr-4-features-explained-worlds-first-gaze-driven-xr-autofocus-camera-system/.
  5. ↑ "Mixed reality headset with TAA certification – Varjo XR-4 Secure Edition". Varjo. https://varjo.com/products/xr-4-secure-edition/.
  6. ↑ "Varjo announces XR-4 mixed reality headset with impressive resolution". The Ghost Howls. November 27, 2023. https://skarredghost.com/2023/11/27/varjo-xr-4-price-resolution/.
  7. ↑ "Varjo announces new XR-4 series headsets". Auganix. November 2023. https://www.auganix.org/xr-news-varjo-announces-new-xr-4-series-of-headsets/.
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