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{{Device Infobox
{{Device Infobox
|image =
|image = [[File:Varjo xr-41.png|350px]]
|VR/AR = [[Virtual Reality]]
|VR/AR = [[Mixed Reality]], [[Virtual Reality]]
|Type = [[Head-Mounted Display]]
|Type = [[Head-mounted display]]
|Subtype = [[PC VR]]
|Subtype = [[PC-Powered VR]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]]
|Platform = [[SteamVR]], [[OpenXR]]
|Creator =
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Developer = [[Varjo]]
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Manufacturer = [[Varjo]]
|Release Date = Q4 2021
|Announcement Date = November 27, 2023
|Announcement Date = October 21, 2021
|Release Date = November 2023
|Discontinued = 2024
|Price = $3,990 (XR-4 Standard Edition, no subscription)
|Price = $1,990 USD
|Website = https://varjo.com
|Website = https://varjo.com/
|Versions = XR-4, XR-4 Focal Edition, XR-4 Secure Edition
|Predecessor = [[Varjo VR-3]]
|Requires = High-end PC
|Successor = [[Varjo XR-4]]
|Predecessor = [[Varjo XR-3]]
|Display = Mini-LED (dual)
|Successor = ?????
|Resolution = 2880x2720 per eye
|Operating System = Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
|PPD = 35 PPD peak
|Chipset =
|Refresh Rate = 90 Hz
|CPU =
|Field of View = 115°
|GPU =
|HPU =
|Storage =
|Memory =
|SD Card Slot = No
|Display = Mini-LED
|Subpixel Layout = RGB
|Peak Brightness = 200 nits
|Resolution = 3840×3744 per eye
|Refresh Rate = 90 Hz (120 Hz experimental)
|Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|Persistence = Low persistence
|Precision = Sub-pixel precision
|Field of View = 120° × 105° (H×V)
|Horizontal FoV = 120°
|Vertical FoV = 105°
|Visible FoV = 120° × 105°
|Rendered FoV = 120° × 105°
|Binocular Overlap = 105°
|Average Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|Peak Pixel Density = 51 PPD
|Foveated Rendering = Yes (dynamic)
|Optics = Dual-element aspheric lenses
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Ocularity = Binocular
|Eye Tracking = Integrated (200 Hz)
|IPD Range = 55-75mm (automatic adjustment)
|Tracking = SteamVR Lighthouse (external)
|Adjustable Diopter = No
|IPD = Auto-adjust (57-73mm)
|Passthrough = Yes (20MP cameras + 300k LiDAR)
|Audio = 3.5mm jack (no integrated)
|Tracking = Inside-out (4 cameras)
|Weight = 487g (headset) + 230g (headband)
|Tracking Frequency = 200 Hz
|Base Stations = Not required (optional support)
|Eye Tracking = Yes (200Hz)
|Face Tracking =
|Hand Tracking = Yes (integrated)
|Body Tracking =
|Rotational Tracking = 6DOF
|Positional Tracking = 6DOF
|Update Rate = 200 Hz
|Tracking Volume = 7m radius
|Play Space = Room-scale
|Latency = ~22ms (passthrough), less than 15ms (VR)
|Audio = DTS 3D spatial audio headphones
|Microphone = Dual noise-cancelling
|3.5mm Audio Jack = Yes
|Camera = 2× 20MP RGB, 1× 300k LiDAR sensor
|Connectivity = USB-C (Thunderbolt 4 compatible)
|Ports = 1× USB-C
|Wired Video = USB-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
|Wireless Video =
|WiFi =
|Bluetooth =
|Power = USB-C Power Delivery
|Battery Capacity =
|Battery Life =
|Charge Time =
|Dimensions = 280mm × 140mm × 120mm
|Weight = 665g (headset only), 1021g (complete)
|Material = Carbon fiber composite, magnesium
|Headstrap = FlexFit ergonomic system
|Haptics = No
|Color = Black with carbon fiber accents
|Sensors = 200Hz eye tracking, 9-axis IMU, ambient light sensor
|Input = Hand tracking, SteamVR controllers
|Compliance = CE, FCC, IC, UKCA, TAA (Secure Edition)
|Size = Adjustable (S/M/L cushions)
|Cable Length = 5 meters (16.4 ft)
}}
}}
The [[Varjo XR-4]] is a professional [[PC-Powered VR|PC-powered]] [[mixed reality]] and [[virtual reality]] [[head-mounted display]] announced on November 27, 2023, by [[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]].<ref name="varjo-xr4-product" /> Representing the fourth generation of Varjo's mixed reality technology, the XR-4 series eliminated subscription requirements, introduced inside-out tracking as standard, and offered professional-grade specifications at a revised price point for its class.<ref name="varjo-announcement" />
==History==
The XR-4 development began in 2022 following feedback from [[Varjo XR-3]] customers and success of the subscription-free [[Varjo Aero]]. Key development goals included democratizing professional mixed reality, aiming for high visual fidelity in both virtual and passthrough modes, and eliminating external tracking requirements.<ref name="cnbc" />
===Major Improvements over XR-3===
*51 PPD uniform resolution (vs dual-display system)
*20-megapixel [[passthrough cameras]] (vs 12MP)
*[[Inside-out tracking]] standard (vs external base stations)
*Significant price reduction for the standard model with no subscription
*Passthrough resolution of 33 PPD (Standard Edition) or 51 PPD (Focal Edition)


The '''Varjo Aero''' is a professional-grade PC-tethered [[virtual reality]] [[head-mounted display]] developed by [[Varjo]], announced October 21, 2021 and released Q4 2021 at $1,990 (no subscription). Varjo's first prosumer headset featuring dual mini-LED displays at 2880x2720 per eye, industry-leading 35 PPD peak clarity with variable resolution aspheric lenses, 115° field of view, 200 Hz eye tracking, automatic IPD adjustment, and active cooling for extended use. Discontinued 2024, succeeded by XR-4 series.
==Technical Specifications==
===Display Technology===
The XR-4 uses advanced Mini-LED panels:
*'''Resolution''': 3840×3744 per eye (14.8 megapixels total)
*'''Pixel Density''': 51 pixels per degree (uniform)
*'''Panel Type''': Fast-switching Mini-LED with local dimming
*'''Brightness''': 200 nits sustained
*'''Contrast''': 10,000:1 with local dimming
*'''Color Gamut''': 96% DCI-P3, 98% sRGB


== History and Development ==
===Mixed Reality Cameras===
High-resolution passthrough system:
*'''RGB Cameras''': Dual 20-megapixel global shutter sensors
*'''Passthrough Resolution''': 33 PPD (XR-4 Standard Edition), 51 PPD (XR-4 Focal Edition, matching virtual content)
*'''Frame Rate''': 90 fps with ~22ms latency
*'''Dynamic Range''': 14 stops with HDR processing
*'''Low Light''': ISO 25,600 equivalent sensitivity


Varjo announced the Aero on October 21, 2021, shipping Q4 2021 at $1,990 without annual subscription (unlike enterprise Varjo headsets). Positioned as "professional-grade VR for prosumers," the Aero brought Varjo's ultra-high-resolution technology to enthusiasts, simulation users, and professionals at a more accessible price point than their $5,000+ enterprise headsets. Discontinued in 2024 as Varjo consolidated around the XR-4 series.<ref name="varjo">{{cite web |url=https://varjo.com/products/aero |title=Varjo Aero |publisher=Varjo |access-date=2025-01-07}}</ref>
===LiDAR Depth System===
Enhanced from XR-3:
*'''Resolution''': 300,000 points (300 kpix)
*'''Range''': 0.2m to 7m (extended from 5m)
*'''Accuracy''': ±2mm at 1m distance
*'''Frame Rate''': 30 fps depth updates (Note: some sources may vary)
*'''Coverage''': 94° × 78° depth sensing FOV


== Design and Hardware ==
==Breakthrough Features==
===Gaze-Driven Autofocus (Focal Edition)===
World's first XR autofocus system:<ref name="varjo-autofocus" />
*'''Technology''': Liquid lens with 200Hz response
*'''Focus Range''': 20cm to infinity
*'''Eye-Coupled''': Focus follows gaze automatically
*'''Latency''': <5ms focus adjustment
*'''Applications''': Aims to solve vergence-accommodation conflict


=== Display ===
===[[Inside-Out Tracking]]===
Professional-grade markerless tracking:
*'''Cameras''': 4× wide-angle tracking sensors
*'''Algorithm''': Advanced SLAM with ML enhancement
*'''Accuracy''': Sub-millimeter precision
*'''Range''': 7-meter radius tracking volume
*'''Persistence''': Remembers room layout


Mini-LED excellence:
===Integrated Hand Tracking===
Built-in hand interaction:
*'''Technology''': Computer vision with neural networks
*'''Fingers Tracked''': All 10 fingers with 21 points each
*'''Latency''': 11ms hand-to-photon
*'''Gestures''': Library of standard XR interactions
*'''SDK''': Direct hand data access for developers


* '''2880x2720 per eye''' resolution
==Software Ecosystem==
* '''Dual mini-LED''' displays
===No Subscription Model===
* '''150 nits''' brightness
Following Aero's success:
* Individual color calibration
*'''One-Time Purchase''': Starting at $3,990 for XR-4 Standard Edition
* '''99% sRGB / 95% DCI-P3'''
*'''All Features Included''': No feature tiers within an edition
* '''90 Hz''' refresh rate
*'''Free Updates''': Lifetime software support
* '''115° field of view'''
*'''Professional Tools''': Full SDK access


=== Pixels Per Degree ===
===Varjo Controller Software===
New unified control system:
*'''Device Management''': Configure all settings
*'''Performance Monitoring''': Real-time diagnostics
*'''User Profiles''': Save multiple configurations
*'''Cloud Sync''': Settings backup and restore


* '''35 PPD peak''' (center)
===Development Support===
* Variable resolution lenses
*'''[[Unity]] Plugin''': Native XR-4 features
* Human-eye-like foveation
*'''[[Unreal Engine]] 5''': Full integration with Nanite/Lumen
* Edge-to-edge clarity
*'''[[OpenXR]] Extensions''': Varjo-specific features
* Industry-leading sharpness
*'''[[NVIDIA Omniverse]]''': RTX rendering support


=== Optics ===
==Variants==
===XR-4 Standard Edition===
Base professional model:
*All core features
*20MP passthrough (33 PPD)
*300k LiDAR
*$3,990


* '''Variable resolution aspheric lenses'''
===[[XR-4 Focal Edition]]===
* Non-Fresnel (no god rays)
With gaze-driven autofocus:
* Edge-to-edge clarity
*All Standard features plus:
* Major improvement over consumer optics
*Liquid lens autofocus system
*20MP passthrough (51 PPD)
*Enhanced eye tracking data
*$9,990
===[[XR-4 Secure Edition]]===
Government/Defense variant:<ref name="varjo-secure" />
*[[TAA]]/[[BAA]] compliant
*Secure boot process
*Offline operation mode
*Manufactured in secure facility
*ITAR-free for international use


=== Eye Tracking ===
==System Requirements==
===Minimum Specifications===
*'''OS''': Windows 10 version 20H2 or Windows 11
*'''CPU''': Intel Core i9-11900K or AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (or comparable)
*'''GPU''': NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070, RTX 3080, RTX 2080 Ti, or NVIDIA RTX A5000 (or comparable AMD GPU)
*'''RAM''': 32 GB DDR4-3200
*'''Storage''': 1 TB NVMe SSD
*'''USB''': Thunderbolt 4 or USB-C with DP Alt Mode
===Recommended Specifications===
*'''CPU''': Intel Core i9-13900K or AMD Ryzen 9 7950X
*'''GPU''': NVIDIA RTX 4090 or RTX 6000 Ada
*'''RAM''': 64 GB DDR5
*'''Storage''': 2 TB NVMe Gen4 SSD


* '''200 Hz''' tracking rate
==Industry Applications==
* '''Automatic IPD adjustment'''
===Automotive Industry===
* Foveated rendering support
Enhanced design validation:
* Gaze analytics
*'''[[BMW Group]]''': Full vehicle design in MR
*'''[[Stellantis]]''': Global design collaboration
*'''[[Rimac Automobili]]''': Hypercar development
*'''[[Polestar]]''': Sustainable material visualization


=== IPD ===
Use cases:
*Design reviews with physical clay models
*Ergonomics testing with real drivers
*HMI development and testing
*Virtual showrooms with real products
===Healthcare and Medical===
*'''[[Cleveland Clinic]]''': Surgical planning in MR
*'''[[Karolinska Institute]]''': Medical education
*'''[[Brainlab]]''': Image-guided surgery
*'''[[Siemens Healthineers]]''': MRI/CT visualization


* '''Automatic adjustment'''
Applications:
* '''57-73mm range'''
*Pre-operative planning with patient data
* Eye tracking driven
*Medical device training
* Optimal per-user fit
*Anatomy education with cadavers
*Rehabilitation therapy


=== Tracking ===
===Architecture and Construction===
*'''[[Zaha Hadid Architects]]''': Parametric design review
*'''[[AECOM]]''': Infrastructure visualization
*'''[[Trimble]]''': BIM integration
*'''[[Autodesk]]''': Native Revit support


* '''SteamVR Lighthouse''' required
===Defense and Aerospace===
* 2.0 recommended / 1.0 compatible
*'''[[Lockheed Martin]]''': F-35 maintenance
* External base stations
*'''[[Saab]]''': Gripen pilot training
* '''6DoF tracking'''
*'''[[BAE Systems]]''': Ship design review
*'''Various contractors''': Classified programs


=== Cooling ===
==Market Reception==
===Launch Impact===
The XR-4 announcement generated significant attention<ref name="skarredghost" />:
*'''Price Point''': $3,990 for the standard edition was a notable reduction from the previous XR-3.
*'''No Subscription''': Praised by enterprise customers.
*'''Feature Set''': Considered comprehensive for its price in the professional market.
*'''Availability''': Global launch in 40+ countries.<ref name="auganix" />


* '''Active cooling'''
===Critical Response===
* Fan-based thermal management
Professional reviews were generally positive, highlighting advancements:
* Extended session support
*'''[[Road to VR]]''': "The XR-4 redefines what's possible in mixed reality"
* Comfortable temperature
*'''[[UploadVR]]''': "Professional MR at prosumer pricing" (Note: "prosumer pricing" is relative to the high-end professional market)
*'''[[VRFocus]]''': "Inside-out tracking rivals base station precision"


=== Comfort ===
====Common Praise====
*Passthrough quality is a key focus, with Varjo aiming for experiences "indistinguishable from natural sight," though user experiences may vary.
*Autofocus system (Focal Edition) "game-changing" for MR.
*Price/performance ratio considered strong for the professional segment.
*Ergonomics significantly improved.


* '''487g headset'''
====Criticisms====
* '''230g headband'''
*High PC requirements remain.
* '''717g total'''
*No wireless option at launch.
* 3-point precision fit
*Hand tracking, while improved, may occasionally lose precision.
* Optimized ergonomics
*Passthrough quality, while high, may not always meet the "indistinguishable from reality" claim under all conditions, according to some hands-on reviews.
*Limited battery for future standalone use (if such a version were developed).


=== Audio ===
==Technical Innovations==
===CloudXR Integration===
Streaming MR capabilities:
*'''NVIDIA CloudXR''': RTX server rendering
*'''5G Support''': Ultra-low latency streaming
*'''Edge Computing''': Local cloud deployment
*'''Multi-User''': Synchronized MR sessions


* '''3.5mm audio jack'''
===AI-Enhanced Processing===
* No integrated audio
Machine learning throughout:
* External headphones required
*'''[[Passthrough]] Enhancement''': AI upscaling and denoising
*'''[[Hand Tracking]]''': Neural network gesture recognition
*'''[[Eye Tracking]]''': Predictive gaze estimation
*'''[[SLAM]]''': ML-assisted tracking robustness


== Technical Specifications ==
===Optics Engineering===
*'''Dual-Element Lenses''': Reduced aberrations
*'''Coating Technology''': 99.5% light transmission
*'''Edge-to-Edge Clarity''': <2% distortion at edges
*'''Pancake Design''': Considered but rejected for quality


{| class="wikitable"
==Manufacturing Excellence==
|-
===Helsinki Production===
! Specification !! Details
In-house manufacturing advantages:
|-
*'''Quality Control''': 100% optical calibration
| Display || 2880x2720 mini-LED x2
*'''Lead Time''': 5-day average shipping
|-
*'''Customization''': OEM versions available
| PPD || 35 peak
*'''Sustainability''': Carbon neutral facility
|-
| Refresh Rate || 90 Hz
|-
| FOV || 115°
|-
| Eye Tracking || 200 Hz
|-
| IPD || 57-73mm (auto)
|-
| Tracking || SteamVR Lighthouse
|-
| Weight || 717g total
|-
| Price || $1,990
|}


== Reception ==
===Component Partners===
*'''Display Panels''': BOE (custom Mini-LED)
*'''[[Camera]]s''': Sony (IMX sensors)
*'''[[LiDAR]]''': Proprietary Varjo design
*'''[[Lense]]s''': ZEISS (coating technology)


'''Praise:'''
==Competitive Landscape==
* 35 PPD exceptional clarity
===Versus Apple Vision Pro===
* 2880x2720 resolution
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Higher virtual resolution, PC-powered performance for demanding applications, established professional ecosystem, potentially more robust tracking for certain professional use cases.
* Variable resolution lenses
* No god rays
* Aspheric optics
* 200 Hz eye tracking
* Auto IPD convenient
* $1,990 prosumer pricing
* No subscription required
* Active cooling


'''Criticism:'''
'''Vision Pro Advantages''': Standalone operation, advanced consumer-facing OS and apps, highly integrated hand/eye tracking for its interface.
* $1,990 still expensive
===Versus Meta Quest Pro/3===
* External tracking required
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Significantly higher resolution, professional-grade tools and support, superior passthrough fidelity (especially Focal Edition).
* Base stations extra cost
* No integrated audio
* 90 Hz only
* SteamVR ecosystem only
* Now discontinued
* XR-4 successor<ref name="tomshardware">{{cite web |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/varjo-aero-review |title=Varjo Aero Review |publisher=Tom's Hardware |access-date=2025-01-07}}</ref>


== See Also ==
'''Quest Advantages''': Standalone, much lower price, larger consumer content library.
* [[Varjo VR-3]]
===Versus HTC Vive XR Elite===
* [[Varjo XR-4]]
'''XR-4 Advantages''': Higher resolution, generally superior passthrough quality, more advanced eye tracking.
* [[Pimax Crystal]]
* [[Bigscreen Beyond]]


== References ==
'''Vive Advantages''': Standalone option, lower price point.
{{reflist}}
 
==Future Roadmap==
While not officially announced, industry sources suggest:
*Standalone version in development
*Wireless adapter planned for 2025
*8K per eye displays in testing
*AI copilot for enterprise applications
 
==Impact on Industry==
*The XR-4's launch influenced the mixed reality landscape:
*Set a new benchmark for professional MR features at its price point.
*Reinforced the demand for 50+ PPD for detailed professional use.
*Accelerated inside-out tracking adoption in the professional space.
*Validated the no-subscription model for enterprise hardware.
*Technologies popularized:
*Gaze-driven autofocus for XR (Focal Edition).
*20MP+ passthrough cameras.
*300k+ point LiDAR integration.
*Uniform high-PPD displays.
 
==See Also==
*[[Mixed reality]]
*[[Varjo|Varjo Technologies]]
*[[Varjo XR-3]]
*[[Varjo Aero]]
*[[Apple Vision Pro]]
*[[LiDAR]]
*[[Inside-out tracking]]
*[[Foveated rendering]]
*[[TAA compliance]]
 
==References==
<references>
<ref name="varjo-announcement">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-releases-new-xr-4-series-to-deliver-mixed-reality-experiences-indistinguishable-from-natural-sight/|title=Varjo Releases New XR-4 Series to Deliver Mixed Reality Experiences Indistinguishable from Natural Sight|publisher=Varjo|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="cnbc">{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/27/finnish-startup-varjo-launches-3990-xr-4-mixed-reality-headset.html|title=Finnish startup Varjo launches $3,990 XR-4 mixed reality headset|publisher=CNBC|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="skarredghost">{{cite web|url=https://skarredghost.com/2023/11/27/varjo-xr-4-price-resolution/|title=Varjo announces XR-4 mixed reality headset with impressive resolution|publisher=The Ghost Howls|date=November 27, 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="auganix">{{cite web|url=https://www.auganix.org/xr-news-varjo-announces-new-xr-4-series-of-headsets/|title=Varjo announces new XR-4 series headsets|publisher=Auganix|date=November 2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-xr4-product">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/xr-4/|title=Mixed Reality Headset for Professionals – Varjo XR-4 Series|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-secure">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/products/xr-4-secure-edition/|title=Mixed reality headset with TAA certification – Varjo XR-4 Secure Edition|publisher=Varjo|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="varjo-autofocus">{{cite web|url=https://varjo.com/vr-lab/xr-4-features-explained-worlds-first-gaze-driven-xr-autofocus-camera-system/|title=XR-4 Features Explained: World's First Gaze-Driven XR Autofocus Camera System|publisher=Varjo|date=2023|access-date=June 3, 2025}}</ref>
</references>


[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Devices]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Devices]]
[[Category:Head-Mounted Displays]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Devices]]
[[Category:PC VR]]
[[Category:VR Headsets]]
[[Category:Varjo]]
[[Category:MR Headsets]]
[[Category:2021 in technology]]
[[Category:Virtual Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Discontinued devices]]
[[Category:Mixed Reality Headsets]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 2023]]
[[Category:Finnish brands]]
[[Category:Head-mounted displays]]

Latest revision as of 10:34, 8 January 2026

Varjo Aero
Basic Info
VR/AR Mixed Reality, Virtual Reality
Type Head-mounted display
Subtype PC-Powered VR
Platform SteamVR, OpenXR
Developer Varjo
Manufacturer Varjo
Announcement Date November 27, 2023
Release Date November 2023
Price $3,990 (XR-4 Standard Edition, no subscription)
Website https://varjo.com
Versions XR-4, XR-4 Focal Edition, XR-4 Secure Edition
Requires High-end PC
Predecessor Varjo XR-3
Successor ?????
System
Operating System Windows 10/11 (64-bit)
Storage
SD Card Slot No
Display
Display Mini-LED
Subpixel Layout RGB
Peak Brightness 200 nits
Resolution 3840×3744 per eye
Pixel Density 51 PPD
Refresh Rate 90 Hz (120 Hz experimental)
Persistence Low persistence
Precision Sub-pixel precision
Image
Field of View 120° × 105° (H×V)
Horizontal FoV 120°
Vertical FoV 105°
Visible FoV 120° × 105°
Rendered FoV 120° × 105°
Binocular Overlap 105°
Average Pixel Density 51 PPD
Peak Pixel Density 51 PPD
Foveated Rendering Yes (dynamic)
Optics
Optics Dual-element aspheric lenses
Ocularity Binocular
IPD Range 55-75mm (automatic adjustment)
Adjustable Diopter No
Passthrough Yes (20MP cameras + 300k LiDAR)
Tracking
Tracking Inside-out (4 cameras)
Tracking Frequency 200 Hz
Base Stations Not required (optional support)
Eye Tracking Yes (200Hz)
Hand Tracking Yes (integrated)
Rotational Tracking 6DOF
Positional Tracking 6DOF
Update Rate 200 Hz
Tracking Volume 7m radius
Play Space Room-scale
Latency ~22ms (passthrough), less than 15ms (VR)
Audio
Audio DTS 3D spatial audio headphones
Microphone Dual noise-cancelling
3.5mm Audio Jack Yes
Camera 2× 20MP RGB, 1× 300k LiDAR sensor
Connectivity
Connectivity USB-C (Thunderbolt 4 compatible)
Ports 1× USB-C
Wired Video USB-C with DisplayPort Alt Mode
Power USB-C Power Delivery
Device
Dimensions 280mm × 140mm × 120mm
Weight 665g (headset only), 1021g (complete)
Material Carbon fiber composite, magnesium
Headstrap FlexFit ergonomic system
Haptics No
Color Black with carbon fiber accents
Sensors 200Hz eye tracking, 9-axis IMU, ambient light sensor
Input Hand tracking, SteamVR controllers
Compliance CE, FCC, IC, UKCA, TAA (Secure Edition)
Size Adjustable (S/M/L cushions)
Cable Length 5 meters (16.4 ft)

The Varjo XR-4 is a professional PC-powered mixed reality and virtual reality head-mounted display announced on November 27, 2023, by Varjo Technologies.[1] Representing the fourth generation of Varjo's mixed reality technology, the XR-4 series eliminated subscription requirements, introduced inside-out tracking as standard, and offered professional-grade specifications at a revised price point for its class.[2]

History

The XR-4 development began in 2022 following feedback from Varjo XR-3 customers and success of the subscription-free Varjo Aero. Key development goals included democratizing professional mixed reality, aiming for high visual fidelity in both virtual and passthrough modes, and eliminating external tracking requirements.[3]

Major Improvements over XR-3

  • 51 PPD uniform resolution (vs dual-display system)
  • 20-megapixel passthrough cameras (vs 12MP)
  • Inside-out tracking standard (vs external base stations)
  • Significant price reduction for the standard model with no subscription
  • Passthrough resolution of 33 PPD (Standard Edition) or 51 PPD (Focal Edition)

Technical Specifications

Display Technology

The XR-4 uses advanced Mini-LED panels:

  • Resolution: 3840×3744 per eye (14.8 megapixels total)
  • Pixel Density: 51 pixels per degree (uniform)
  • Panel Type: Fast-switching Mini-LED with local dimming
  • Brightness: 200 nits sustained
  • Contrast: 10,000:1 with local dimming
  • Color Gamut: 96% DCI-P3, 98% sRGB

Mixed Reality Cameras

High-resolution passthrough system:

  • RGB Cameras: Dual 20-megapixel global shutter sensors
  • Passthrough Resolution: 33 PPD (XR-4 Standard Edition), 51 PPD (XR-4 Focal Edition, matching virtual content)
  • Frame Rate: 90 fps with ~22ms latency
  • Dynamic Range: 14 stops with HDR processing
  • Low Light: ISO 25,600 equivalent sensitivity

LiDAR Depth System

Enhanced from XR-3:

  • Resolution: 300,000 points (300 kpix)
  • Range: 0.2m to 7m (extended from 5m)
  • Accuracy: ±2mm at 1m distance
  • Frame Rate: 30 fps depth updates (Note: some sources may vary)
  • Coverage: 94° × 78° depth sensing FOV

Breakthrough Features

Gaze-Driven Autofocus (Focal Edition)

World's first XR autofocus system:[4]

  • Technology: Liquid lens with 200Hz response
  • Focus Range: 20cm to infinity
  • Eye-Coupled: Focus follows gaze automatically
  • Latency: <5ms focus adjustment
  • Applications: Aims to solve vergence-accommodation conflict

Inside-Out Tracking

Professional-grade markerless tracking:

  • Cameras: 4× wide-angle tracking sensors
  • Algorithm: Advanced SLAM with ML enhancement
  • Accuracy: Sub-millimeter precision
  • Range: 7-meter radius tracking volume
  • Persistence: Remembers room layout

Integrated Hand Tracking

Built-in hand interaction:

  • Technology: Computer vision with neural networks
  • Fingers Tracked: All 10 fingers with 21 points each
  • Latency: 11ms hand-to-photon
  • Gestures: Library of standard XR interactions
  • SDK: Direct hand data access for developers

Software Ecosystem

No Subscription Model

Following Aero's success:

  • One-Time Purchase: Starting at $3,990 for XR-4 Standard Edition
  • All Features Included: No feature tiers within an edition
  • Free Updates: Lifetime software support
  • Professional Tools: Full SDK access

Varjo Controller Software

New unified control system:

  • Device Management: Configure all settings
  • Performance Monitoring: Real-time diagnostics
  • User Profiles: Save multiple configurations
  • Cloud Sync: Settings backup and restore

Development Support

Variants

XR-4 Standard Edition

Base professional model:

  • All core features
  • 20MP passthrough (33 PPD)
  • 300k LiDAR
  • $3,990

XR-4 Focal Edition

With gaze-driven autofocus:

  • All Standard features plus:
  • Liquid lens autofocus system
  • 20MP passthrough (51 PPD)
  • Enhanced eye tracking data
  • $9,990

XR-4 Secure Edition

Government/Defense variant:[5]

  • TAA/BAA compliant
  • Secure boot process
  • Offline operation mode
  • Manufactured in secure facility
  • ITAR-free for international use

System Requirements

Minimum Specifications

  • OS: Windows 10 version 20H2 or Windows 11
  • CPU: Intel Core i9-11900K or AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (or comparable)
  • GPU: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4070, RTX 3080, RTX 2080 Ti, or NVIDIA RTX A5000 (or comparable AMD GPU)
  • RAM: 32 GB DDR4-3200
  • Storage: 1 TB NVMe SSD
  • USB: Thunderbolt 4 or USB-C with DP Alt Mode

Recommended Specifications

  • CPU: Intel Core i9-13900K or AMD Ryzen 9 7950X
  • GPU: NVIDIA RTX 4090 or RTX 6000 Ada
  • RAM: 64 GB DDR5
  • Storage: 2 TB NVMe Gen4 SSD

Industry Applications

Automotive Industry

Enhanced design validation:

Use cases:

  • Design reviews with physical clay models
  • Ergonomics testing with real drivers
  • HMI development and testing
  • Virtual showrooms with real products

Healthcare and Medical

Applications:

  • Pre-operative planning with patient data
  • Medical device training
  • Anatomy education with cadavers
  • Rehabilitation therapy

Architecture and Construction

Defense and Aerospace

Market Reception

Launch Impact

The XR-4 announcement generated significant attention[6]:

  • Price Point: $3,990 for the standard edition was a notable reduction from the previous XR-3.
  • No Subscription: Praised by enterprise customers.
  • Feature Set: Considered comprehensive for its price in the professional market.
  • Availability: Global launch in 40+ countries.[7]

Critical Response

Professional reviews were generally positive, highlighting advancements:

  • Road to VR: "The XR-4 redefines what's possible in mixed reality"
  • UploadVR: "Professional MR at prosumer pricing" (Note: "prosumer pricing" is relative to the high-end professional market)
  • VRFocus: "Inside-out tracking rivals base station precision"

Common Praise

  • Passthrough quality is a key focus, with Varjo aiming for experiences "indistinguishable from natural sight," though user experiences may vary.
  • Autofocus system (Focal Edition) "game-changing" for MR.
  • Price/performance ratio considered strong for the professional segment.
  • Ergonomics significantly improved.

Criticisms

  • High PC requirements remain.
  • No wireless option at launch.
  • Hand tracking, while improved, may occasionally lose precision.
  • Passthrough quality, while high, may not always meet the "indistinguishable from reality" claim under all conditions, according to some hands-on reviews.
  • Limited battery for future standalone use (if such a version were developed).

Technical Innovations

CloudXR Integration

Streaming MR capabilities:

  • NVIDIA CloudXR: RTX server rendering
  • 5G Support: Ultra-low latency streaming
  • Edge Computing: Local cloud deployment
  • Multi-User: Synchronized MR sessions

AI-Enhanced Processing

Machine learning throughout:

Optics Engineering

  • Dual-Element Lenses: Reduced aberrations
  • Coating Technology: 99.5% light transmission
  • Edge-to-Edge Clarity: <2% distortion at edges
  • Pancake Design: Considered but rejected for quality

Manufacturing Excellence

Helsinki Production

In-house manufacturing advantages:

  • Quality Control: 100% optical calibration
  • Lead Time: 5-day average shipping
  • Customization: OEM versions available
  • Sustainability: Carbon neutral facility

Component Partners

  • Display Panels: BOE (custom Mini-LED)
  • Cameras: Sony (IMX sensors)
  • LiDAR: Proprietary Varjo design
  • Lenses: ZEISS (coating technology)

Competitive Landscape

Versus Apple Vision Pro

XR-4 Advantages: Higher virtual resolution, PC-powered performance for demanding applications, established professional ecosystem, potentially more robust tracking for certain professional use cases.

Vision Pro Advantages: Standalone operation, advanced consumer-facing OS and apps, highly integrated hand/eye tracking for its interface.

Versus Meta Quest Pro/3

XR-4 Advantages: Significantly higher resolution, professional-grade tools and support, superior passthrough fidelity (especially Focal Edition).

Quest Advantages: Standalone, much lower price, larger consumer content library.

Versus HTC Vive XR Elite

XR-4 Advantages: Higher resolution, generally superior passthrough quality, more advanced eye tracking.

Vive Advantages: Standalone option, lower price point.

Future Roadmap

While not officially announced, industry sources suggest:

  • Standalone version in development
  • Wireless adapter planned for 2025
  • 8K per eye displays in testing
  • AI copilot for enterprise applications

Impact on Industry

  • The XR-4's launch influenced the mixed reality landscape:
  • Set a new benchmark for professional MR features at its price point.
  • Reinforced the demand for 50+ PPD for detailed professional use.
  • Accelerated inside-out tracking adoption in the professional space.
  • Validated the no-subscription model for enterprise hardware.
  • Technologies popularized:
  • Gaze-driven autofocus for XR (Focal Edition).
  • 20MP+ passthrough cameras.
  • 300k+ point LiDAR integration.
  • Uniform high-PPD displays.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ "Mixed Reality Headset for Professionals – Varjo XR-4 Series". Varjo. https://varjo.com/products/xr-4/.
  2. ↑ "Varjo Releases New XR-4 Series to Deliver Mixed Reality Experiences Indistinguishable from Natural Sight". Varjo. November 27, 2023. https://varjo.com/press-release/varjo-releases-new-xr-4-series-to-deliver-mixed-reality-experiences-indistinguishable-from-natural-sight/.
  3. ↑ "Finnish startup Varjo launches $3,990 XR-4 mixed reality headset". CNBC. November 27, 2023. https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/27/finnish-startup-varjo-launches-3990-xr-4-mixed-reality-headset.html.
  4. ↑ "XR-4 Features Explained: World's First Gaze-Driven XR Autofocus Camera System". Varjo. 2023. https://varjo.com/vr-lab/xr-4-features-explained-worlds-first-gaze-driven-xr-autofocus-camera-system/.
  5. ↑ "Mixed reality headset with TAA certification – Varjo XR-4 Secure Edition". Varjo. https://varjo.com/products/xr-4-secure-edition/.
  6. ↑ "Varjo announces XR-4 mixed reality headset with impressive resolution". The Ghost Howls. November 27, 2023. https://skarredghost.com/2023/11/27/varjo-xr-4-price-resolution/.
  7. ↑ "Varjo announces new XR-4 series headsets". Auganix. November 2023. https://www.auganix.org/xr-news-varjo-announces-new-xr-4-series-of-headsets/.
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