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Google Cardboard

From VR & AR Wiki
Revision as of 22:10, 7 January 2026 by Betabot (talk | contribs) (Improving page with detailed specifications, history, features, and references)
Google Cardboard
Basic Info
VR/AR Virtual Reality
Type Head-mounted display
Subtype Phone VR (DIY)
Platform Android, iOS
Creator Google
Price ~$15-25
Website https://developers.google.com/cardboard
System
CPU Host phone dependent
GPU Host phone dependent
Storage
Storage Host phone dependent
Display
Display Phone display
Resolution Phone dependent
Image
Optics
Tracking
Tracking 3DoF (phone sensors)
Audio
Microphone Phone microphone
Connectivity
Connectivity Phone dependent
Device
Weight ~70-100g
Sensors Phone dependent
Input Magnetic trigger (v1) / Conductive button (v2)


Google Cardboard is a discontinued virtual reality platform developed by Google, consisting of a fold-out cardboard viewer into which a smartphone is inserted. Announced at Google I/O 2014, Cardboard was designed as a low-cost system to encourage interest and development in VR applications. The open-source specifications allowed anyone to build their own viewer or manufacture certified devices. Google discontinued the Cardboard project in 2021.[1]

History and Development

Google I/O 2014

Google surprised attendees at Google I/O 2014 by distributing cardboard VR viewers, introducing the concept of accessible, DIY virtual reality.

Open Source Design

Google made the specifications freely available, including:

  • Parts list
  • Schematics
  • Assembly instructions

Two Versions

  • Cardboard 1.0: iPhone 5 sized, magnet trigger, 25mm lenses
  • Cardboard 2.0: Larger phones, conductive button, 37mm lenses

Discontinuation

Google discontinued Cardboard in 2021, releasing the SDK as open source.

Design Specifications

Materials

  • Body: E-flute corrugated cardboard (1.5-1.7mm thick)
  • Minimum Size: 22cm x 56cm sheet
  • Three Parts: Chassis, t-shirt, button

Lenses

  • Type: Biconvex plastic
  • Focal Length: 45mm
  • Diameter: 25mm (v1.0) or 37mm (v2.0)

Trigger Mechanism

  • Version 1.0: Magnetic trigger using phone's magnetometer
  • Version 2.0: Conductive button with "pillow" and "strip"

Additional Components

  • Hook and loop fasteners
  • Rubber band
  • Optional NFC tag

Phone Compatibility

Screen Size

  • Fits phones 3.5" to 6.0"

Requirements

  • Gyroscope sensor
  • Accelerometer
  • Android or iOS

Building Your Own

DIY Materials

  • Corrugated cardboard
  • Biconvex lenses (45mm focal length)
  • Magnets (optional)
  • Hook and loop fasteners
  • Rubber band

Viewer Profile Generator

Google provided a tool to create QR codes for custom viewers, allowing apps to automatically calibrate.

Certified Viewers

Many manufacturers produced certified Cardboard-compatible viewers:

  • Premium materials (plastic, fabric)
  • Improved comfort
  • Additional features

Software Platform

Cardboard SDK

  • Unity support
  • Unreal Engine support
  • Native Android/iOS support
  • Now open source

Compatible Apps

  • YouTube VR
  • Google Street View
  • Discovery VR
  • Thousands of Cardboard-compatible apps

Legacy

Google Cardboard's impact on VR:

  • Introduced millions to VR at low cost
  • Established mobile VR as a viable platform
  • Influenced Google Daydream
  • Inspired numerous low-cost VR viewers
  • Enabled VR education in schools

Specifications

Specification Details
Type DIY Phone VR
Material Corrugated cardboard
Lenses 45mm biconvex
Field of View ~80-90°
Tracking 3DoF (phone sensors)
Phone Size 3.5" - 6.0"
Weight ~70-100g
Price ~$15-25
Status Discontinued (2021)

See Also

References