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'''Ivan Sutherland''' is an inventor who created the computer-driven head mounted display and [[direct interaction]].

He created [[Sketchpad]], which is a drawing program using direct interaction.<ref name="k031">{{cite web | title=Sketchpad | website=YouTube | date=2024-03-06 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eV8wSXF4NFA | access-date=2024-08-28}}</ref>

His research project for the HMD is titled, "[[A Head-Mounted Three-Dimensional Display]]".<ref name="j688">{{cite conference | last=Sutherland | first=Ivan E. | title=A head-mounted three dimensional display | publisher=ACM Press | date=1968 | doi=10.1145/1476589.1476686 | page=757}}</ref>

The HMD displays graphics generated from a computer in real time, instead of a camera feed. This is the point of novelty.

==Sketchpad==
In 1963, Ivan Sutherland's PhD dissertation project at MIT involved Sketchpad, which was the first real-time CAD system, which used a pen on a screen.<ref name="n094"/>

'''Sketchpad''' is a drawing program by [[Ivan Sutherland]].

Sketchpad's full title is "Sketchpad-A Man-Machine Graphical Communication System".<ref name="r779">{{cite web | title=The Ultimate Display (pdf) | url=https://worrydream.com/refs/Sutherland_1965_-_The_Ultimate_Display.pdf | access-date=2024-08-27}}</ref>

It uses a [[light pen]].<ref name="h434"/>

Sketchpad does not enable drawing something in three dimensions simultaneously.<ref name="h434">{{cite web | title=Sketchpad (1963) 3 of 3 | website=YouTube | date=2024-03-06 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3ZsiBMnGSg | access-date=2024-08-26}}</ref>

==Head mounted display==
Ivan Sutherland was influenced to build a head-mounted display by a display he saw as part of a helicopter. He saw a head-mounted display connected to a camera system in a helicopter developed by [[Bell Helicopter Company]].<ref name="m648">{{cite web | title=Oral History of Ivan Sutherland, part 1 of 2 (2:27:35)| website=YouTube | date=2024-03-06 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bjr7qLeyvlw | access-date=2024-08-26}}</ref><ref name="y544">{{cite web | title=Odysseys in Technology: Research and Fun, lecture by Ivan Sutherland (16:55)| website=YouTube | date=2024-03-06 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIMaf4RemOU | access-date=2024-08-26}}</ref> Sutherland received a copy of the display system and invented a head-mounted computer-driven display system.

The display system Ivan invented used a mounting system called the [[Sword of Damocles]], which is a position measuring device, so that the computer knows where the user is facing so as to generate a picture of a virtual scene at the correct perspective.<ref name="y544"/> It was designed at Harvard. This HMD was part of an augmented reality system which projected a visible 3D cube in a room.<ref name="n094">{{cite web | last=Laurendeau | first=Denis | last2=Branzan-Albu | first2=A | last3=Boivin | first3=E | last4=Drouin | first4=R | last5=Schwartz | first5=J-M | title=(PDF) Survey of the State-of-the-Art on Synthetic Environments, Sensori-Motor Activities in Synthetic Environments, Simulation Frameworks and Real-World Abstraction Models | website=ResearchGate | date=2023-07-27 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266216435_Survey_of_the_State-of-the-Art_on_Synthetic_Environments_Sensori-Motor_Activities_in_Synthetic_Environments_Simulation_Frameworks_and_Real-World_Abstraction_Models | access-date=2024-05-24|page=21}}</ref>

Ivan did work at Harvard using a PDP-1.<ref name="m648"/>

Ivan’s motivation was to build an ‘ultimate interface’ that would allow people to interface with computers by being inside 3D computer graphics and to use [[direct interaction]].<ref>Book: ISBN: 978-1500893293 Page 8</ref>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Inventors]]
[[Category:Researchers]]

Ivan Sutherland - Revision history

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